A life span model of successful aging.
A life span model of successful aging.
复制标题
成功老龄化的寿命模型。
DOI：
10.1037//0003-066x.51.7.702
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Heckhausen,J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schulz,R;Heckhausen,J
为了奠定我们的模型的基础，我们首先描述现有的概念，成功的老龄化，发展的基本假设，和成功的标准。提出的模型扩展了关于这一主题的话语在三个方向：（a）它的框架在更广泛的背景下的生命历程发展的成功老龄化的讨论;（B）它占规范和非规范（即，例外）的成功;（c）它集成了动机的过程到一个理论的成功老龄化。成功的老化等同于在整个生命周期中开发和维护主要控制，这是通过优化选择和故障补偿功能的控制相关过程实现的。选择过程调节行动目标的选择，以便保持多样性，并考虑到绩效领域和生命阶段之间的积极和消极权衡。补偿机制的作用是在失败经历后保持、增强和补救能力和激励资源。补偿和选择过程都是由初级控制的愿望所激励的，并且可以根据初级和次级控制过程来表征。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2022阿帕，保留所有权利）
To lay the foundation for our model, we first describe existing conceptions of successful aging, underlying assumptions of development, and criteria for success. The model presented extends the discourse on this topic in three directions:(a) It frames the discussion of successful aging in the broader context of life course development;(b) it accounts for both normative and nonnormative (ie, exceptional) success; and (c) it integrates motivational processes into a theory of successful aging. Successful aging is equated with the development and maintenance of primary control throughout the life course, which is achieved through control-related processes that optimize selection and failure compensation functions. Selection processes regulate the choice of action goals so that diversity is maintained and positive and negative trade-offs between performance domains and life stages are taken into account. Compensation mechanisms serve to maintain, enhance, and remediate competencies and motivational resources after failure experiences. Both compensation and selection processes are motivated by desires for primary control and can be characterized in terms of primary and secondary control processes.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)