The utility of resonant soft x-ray scattering and reflectivity for the nanoscale characterization of polymers
The utility of resonant soft x-ray scattering and reflectivity for the nanoscale characterization of polymers
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DOI：
10.1140/epjst/e2009-00946-3
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发表时间：
2009-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Swaraj;C. Wang;T. Araki;G. Mitchell;L. Liu;S. Gaynor;B. Deshmukh;H. Yan;C. McNeill;H. Ade
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Swaraj;C. Wang;T. Araki;G. Mitchell;L. Liu;S. Gaynor;B. Deshmukh;H. Yan;C. McNeill;H. Ade
共振软X射线散射（RSoXS）和反射率（RSoXR）的效用扩展，并通过表征相关的有机太阳能电池和稀聚合物溶液的聚合物薄膜的例证。RSoXS和RSoXR是在软X射线能量下利用异常散射原理的方法。软X射线覆盖了碳、氮和氧的吸收边，这些元素与聚合物和胶体非常相关。这些吸收边附近的光学性质的快速变化提供了对特定部分的选择性和高对比度。 RSoXR被证明是一个强大的工具，导电聚合物的双层表征。RSoXR的结果指出了一个有趣的策略，将允许化学相互扩散和物理粗糙度在一个掩埋的聚合物/聚合物界面被独立地确定。高散射截面还允许研究在硬X射线或中子将产生相对较小散射的厚度下透射的共轭聚合物共混物的薄膜。通过在提供强散射对比度的光子能量下散射，即使非常稀的聚合物溶液也产生可用的信号。
The utility of resonant soft x-ray scattering (RSoXS) and reflectivity (RSoXR) is extended and exemplified through the characterization of thin films of polymers relevant to organic solar cells and of dilute polymer solutions. RSoXS and RSoXR are methods that utilize anomalous scattering principles at soft x-ray energies. Soft X-rays cover the carbon, nitrogen and oxygen absorption edges, elements very relevant for polymers and colloids. The rapid changes of optical properties near these absorption edges provide selectivity to specific moieties and high contrast. RSoXR is shown to be a powerful tool for the characterization of bilayers of conducting polymers. The RSoXR results point to an interesting strategy that will allow the chemical interdiffusion and physical roughness at a buried polymer/polymer interface to be determined independently. The high scattering cross sections also allows the investigation of thin films of conjugated polymer blends in transmission at thicknesses for which hard X-rays or neutrons would yield relatively little scattering. By scattering at photon energies that provide strong scattering contrast, even very dilute polymeric solutions yield a useable signal.