Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis cultured from locally and commercially pasteurized cow's milk in the Czech Republic
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis cultured from locally and commercially pasteurized cow's milk in the Czech Republic
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.71.3.1210-1214.2005
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Pavlik, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ayele, WY;Svastova, P;Pavlik, I
2002年11月至2003年4月期间，从捷克共和国各地的零售点随机抽取了244瓶和244箱商业巴氏消毒牛奶。在同一时期，还从两个奶牛群（指定为牛群A和B）中获得了生奶和随后在当地巴氏灭菌装置中经受最低71.7 ℃持续15 s的奶的样品，所述牛群分别具有低水平和高水平的亚临床鸟分枝杆菌亚种。副结核菌感染，而来自一个牛群，牛群C，无感染。通过粪便培养检测每个牛群中个体奶牛的感染。将乳汁样品送到捷克共和国布尔诺的兽医研究所，进行处理，接种到Herrold的蛋黄斜面上，并孵育32周。通过形态学、Ziehl-Neelsen染色、分枝杆菌素J依赖性和IS 900 PCR结果表征菌落。M.鸟亚种从244单位（1.6%）的商业巴氏消毒零售乳中的4单位培养出副结核菌。M.鸟亚种从来自感染牛群A和B的2/100箱（2%）当地巴氏消毒牛奶和来自未感染牛群C的0/100箱牛奶中也培养出副结核杆菌。牛群A中10头（10%）粪便培养阳性奶牛中的1头和牛群B中66头（19.7%）粪便培养阳性奶牛中的13头的生奶为M培养阳性。鸟亚种副结核病这些发现证实了M.鸟亚种副结核杆菌存在于亚临床感染奶牛的生奶中。对M.鸟亚种在捷克共和国，从当地或商业上按照国家和欧盟标准进行巴氏消毒的零售牛奶中发现的副结核病与对英国和美国消费者牛奶的类似研究一致，表明人类正通过这一途径接触这种慢性肠道病原体。
Between November 2002 and April 2003, 244 bottles and cartons of commercially pasteurized cow's milk were obtained at random from retail outlets throughout the Czech Republic. During the same period, samples of raw milk and of milk that was subsequently subjected to a minimum of 71.7 degrees C for 15 s in a local pasteurization unit were also obtained from two dairy herds, designated herds A and B, with low and high levels, respectively, of subclinical Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection, and from one herd, herd C, without infection. Infection in individual cows in each herd was tested by fecal culturing. Milk samples were brought to the Veterinary Research Institute in Brno, Czech Republic, processed, inoculated onto Herrold's egg yolk slants, and incubated for 32 weeks. Colonies were characterized by morphology, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, mycobactin J dependency, and IS900 PCR results. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was cultured from 4 of 244 units (1.6%) of commercially pasteurized retail milk. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was also cultured from 2 of 100 (2%) cartons of locally pasteurized milk derived from infected herds A and B and from 0 of 100 cartons of milk from uninfected herd C. Raw milk from I of 10 (10%) fecal culture-positive cows in herd A and from 13 of 66 (19.7%) fecal culture-positive cows in herd B was culture positive for M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. These findings confirm that M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis is present in raw milk from subclinically infected dairy cows. The culture of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the Czech Republic from retail milk that had been pasteurized locally or commercially to the required national and European Union standards is in agreement with similar research on milk destined for consumers in the United Kingdom and the United States and shows that humans are being exposed to this chronic enteric pathogen by this route.