Collapse of the Liangzhu and other Neolithic cultures in the lower Yangtze region in response to climate change.

Collapse of the Liangzhu and other Neolithic cultures in the lower Yangtze region in response to climate change.
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气候变化导致长江下游地区良渚文化和其他新石器时代文化的崩溃

DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abi9275
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发表时间:
2021-11-26
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Edwards RL
Edwards RL
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang H;Cheng H;Sinha A;Spötl C;Cai Y;Liu B;Kathayat G;Li H;Tian Y;Li Y;Zhao J;Sha L;Lu J;Meng B;Niu X;Dong X;Liang Z;Zong B;Ning Y;Lan J;Edwards RL

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4300年至4000年前,洪水和特大干旱影响了长江三角洲的新石器文化。长江三角洲良渚文化是世界上最先进的新石器文化之一。考古证据表明,良渚古城被遗弃,文化崩溃约4300年前。本文通过对中国东南部地区洞穴沉积物的记录,结合其他古气候和考古资料,证明良渚文化在距今4345 ± 32年至4324 ± 30年的一段短暂而潮湿的时期内崩溃,支持了良渚文化是在大规模洪水和淹没后被遗弃的假说。我们进一步表明,在YRD新石器时代文化的消亡发生在一个长期的干旱期,开始在约4000 ± 45年前。我们认为,4300年和3000年前之间的主要水文气候变化可能是由于厄尔尼诺-南方涛动的频率增加的背景下,减弱北方半球夏季日照。
Floods and megadroughts affected the Neolithic cultures in the Yangtze River Delta between 4300 and 4000 years ago. The Liangzhu culture in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) was among the world’s most advanced Neolithic cultures. Archeological evidence suggests that the Liangzhu ancient city was abandoned, and the culture collapsed at ~4300 years ago. Here, we present speleothem records from southeastern China in conjunction with other paleoclimatic and archeological data to show that the Liangzhu culture collapsed within a short and anomalously wet period between 4345 ± 32 and 4324 ± 30 years ago, supporting the hypothesis that the city was abandoned after large-scale flooding and inundation. We further show that the demise of Neolithic cultures in the YRD occurred within an extended period of aridity that started at ~4000 ± 45 years ago. We suggest that the major hydroclimatic changes between 4300 and 3000 years ago may have resulted from an increasing frequency of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation in the context of weakened Northern Hemisphere summer insolation.
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