Evaluating the life cycle environmental performance of chlorine disinfection and ultraviolet technologies
Evaluating the life cycle environmental performance of chlorine disinfection and ultraviolet technologies
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评估氯消毒和紫外线技术的生命周期环境绩效
DOI：
10.1007/s10098-002-0139-x
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tapas K. Das
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tapas K. Das
随着对促进可持续生态未来的日益重视以及对在水中引入有毒化学品的关注，消毒过程的设计越来越倾向于破坏病原体的技术，同时平衡这种消毒废水对水生生物群或饮用水供应的影响。由于紫外线（UV）照射不是化学添加剂，它不会像传统的氯化和脱氯工艺那样在废水中留下或产生任何副产品有毒化合物。因此，使用紫外线不会影响饮用水供应或接收沃茨的水生生物。生命周期评估或分析（LCA）用于量化使用紫外线消毒技术（以及更好地保护公众健康）的环境效益，而不是氯化和脱氯方法。LCA工具被用来评估这两种工艺的短期和长期环境影响，并选择最佳的可持续工艺。该方法将环境LCA与这些消毒过程结合起来，并将经济标准和环境的所有方面结合起来：化学品使用，电力使用以及向水，空气和土地的释放。环境、健康和经济效益以及其他影响表明，与传统的氯消毒相比，紫外线技术（一种“清洁”的生态消毒工艺）具有更大的可持续性。
With increasing emphasis on promoting a sustainable ecological future and concern over introducing a toxic chemical in the water, the design of the disinfection process is increasingly leaning toward technologies that destroy the pathogens while balancing the effects of this disinfected wastewater on the population of aquatic biota or a drinking water supply. Since ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is not a chemical additive, it does not leave or produce any by-product toxic compounds in the wastewater, like traditional chlorination and de-chlorination processes do. Therefore, the use of UV does not affect a drinking water supply or the aquatic biota in receiving waters.Life cycle assessment or analysis (LCA) is used to quantify the environmental benefits of using UV disinfection technology (as well as better protecting public health), instead of chlorination and de-chlorination methods. LCA tools are being used to evaluate the short and long term environmental effects of both processes, and to select the best sustainable process. The approach here combines environmental LCA with these disinfection processes incorporating economic criteria and all aspects of the environment: chemical use, electricity use, and releases to water, air, and land. The environmental, health, and economic benefits and other effects show the greater sustainability of UV technology (a "clean" ecological disinfection process) in comparison to that of traditional disinfection with chlorine.