Male Flowers and Relationship between Plant Size and Sex Expression in Herbaria of Nomocharis Species (Liliaceae)
Male Flowers and Relationship between Plant Size and Sex Expression in Herbaria of Nomocharis Species (Liliaceae)
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DOI：
10.7677/ynzwyj201514040
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhang Zhi-qiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gong Qiang-bang;Li Zhi-min;Zhang Zhi-qiang
尽管雌性不育生殖系统非常罕见，但在百合科植物中，雄花却很普遍。百合科Nomocharis由7种左右的植物组成，传统上被归类为两性的。然而，我们的初步调查表明，雄花可能在该属中频繁出现。通过对中国地区几种草本植物(PE、KUN、HITBC CDBI)的观赏测量，获得其花性表型、花型、株高、海拔等数据，并利用这些数据确定其性别分布，分析植株大小与花大小、性别表达的关系。我们发现，在所研究的6种Nomocharis植物中都存在雄花，并且在植物水平上两性花和雄花的不同组合导致了复杂的性别表达。在进一步研究的四个物种中，有三个物种的雄株明显比两性花的植株小。株高对花朵大小有显著影响，但与海拔高度无关，与性别表型无关。单株总花数和两性花数随着植株大小的增加而增加。然而，雄花的数量与大小无关。我们的研究表明，资源可获得性(即植物大小)决定了个体的性别表型。我们强调了Nomocharis属雄花的出现，并建议进行进一步的实地研究是绝对必要的。此外，本研究为更好地利用标本馆标本进行花卉性别多样性的野外研究提供了一个案例研究。
Despite the general rarity of female-sterile reproductive systems, male flowers are widespread in Liliaceae. Nomocharis (Liliaceae) consists of ca. seven species which have been traditionally classified as hermaphrodite. However, our preliminary investigation suggested that male flowers may occur frequently in this genus. We got data of the flower sex phenotypes, flower size, plant height and altitude by observing and measuring specimens of Notnocharis from several herbaria (PE, KUN, HITBC CDBI) in China, and then used them to determine the sex distribution and to analyze the relationships between plant size and flower size, sex expression. We found that male flowers occurred in all six studied Nomocharis species and different combinations of hermaphroditic and male flowers at plant level resulted in complex sex expression. Of four further studied species, male plants were significantly smaller than plants with hermaphroditic flowers in three species. Plant height, which was not related to altitude, but not sex phenotype has significant effects on flower size. The number of total flowers and hermaphroditic flowers per plant increased with plant size. However, the number of male flowers was independently of size. Our study suggested resources availability (i. e. plant size) determined the sex phenotypes of individuals. We highlighted the occurrence of male flowers in genus Nomocharis and suggested further Field studies are absolutely necessary. Furthermore, this study provides a case study to better use herbarium specimens as prerequisites for field researches of floral sexual diversity.