Biochemical Mechanisms Underlying Psychedelic-Induced Neuroplasticity.
Biochemical Mechanisms Underlying Psychedelic-Induced Neuroplasticity.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00812
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发表时间：
2022-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Olson, David E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olson, David E.
除了在急性给药后产生深刻的主观影响外，迷幻化合物还可以诱导与神经精神疾病治疗相关的有益行为变化，这些变化在化合物从体内清除后持续很长时间。有一种假说有可能解释致幻剂的显著持久效果，这与它们促进前额叶皮层（PFC）结构和功能神经可塑性的能力有关。许多与压力相关的神经精神疾病（包括抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和成瘾）的标志是PFC中神经元的萎缩。迷幻药似乎是这些关键神经元生长的特别有效的催化剂，最终导致这一关键脑区突触连接的恢复。此外，有证据表明，致幻剂的致幻作用与其促进结构和功能神经可塑性的能力没有直接联系。如果我们要开发出更好的替代致幻剂来治疗神经精神疾病，我们必须充分描述致幻剂诱导的神经可塑性的分子机制。在这里，我回顾了我们目前对致幻剂和相关的神经可塑性促进分子激活的生化信号通路的理解，重点是关键的未回答的问题。
In addition to producing profound subjective effects following acute administration, psychedelic compounds can induce beneficial behavioral changes relevant to the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders that last long after the compounds have been cleared from the body. One hypothesis with the potential to explain the remarkable enduring effects of psychedelics is related to their abilities to promote structural and functional neuroplasticity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). A hallmark of many stress-related neuropsychiatric diseases—including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and addiction—is the atrophy of neurons in the PFC. Psychedelics appear to be particularly effective catalysts for the growth of these key neurons, ultimately leading to restoration of synaptic connectivity in this critical brain region. Furthermore, evidence suggests that the hallucinogenic effects of psychedelics are not directly linked to their ability to promote structural and functional neuroplasticity. If we are to develop improved alternatives to psychedelics for treating neuropsychiatric diseases, we must fully characterize the molecular mechanisms that give rise to psychedelic-induced neuroplasticity. Here, I review our current understanding of the biochemical signaling pathways activated by psychedelics and related neuroplasticity-promoting molecules, with an emphasis on key unanswered questions.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Cameron LP;Tombari RJ;Lu J;Pell AJ;Hurley ZQ;Ehinger Y;Vargas MV;McCarroll MN;Taylor JC;Myers-Turnbull D;Liu T;Yaghoobi B;Laskowski LJ;Anderson EI;Zhang G;Viswanathan J;Brown BM;Tjia M;Dunlap LE;Rabow ZT;Fiehn O;Wulff H;McCorvy JD;Lein PJ;Kokel D;Ron D;Peters J;Zuo Y;Olson DE
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.08.022
发表时间：
2020-10-22
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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