Polystyrol und styrolcopolymere
Polystyrol und styrolcopolymere
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聚苯乙烯和苯乙烯共聚物
DOI：
10.1002/apmc.1997.052440102
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
V. Warzelhan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hermann Gausepohl;V. Warzelhan
聚苯乙烯目前的年销售量为850万吨，是全球最重要的热塑性塑料之一。其独特的性能使聚苯乙烯成为外壳、冰箱内衬和要求苛刻的包装应用的理想材料，这些应用对透明度和/或表面质量以及刚度都很重要。其经济上的成功是由于其有利的性价比，以及其作为非晶材料的优异加工性能。本文讨论了聚苯乙烯及其共聚物的多功能性和创新潜力。使用标准和抗冲改性聚苯乙烯，它显示了聚合工艺的成熟性，广泛的产品改性以及这类材料的加工知识如何有助于促进该产品成为公认的塑料材料的突破。现代的聚苯乙烯变体越来越多地满足其他材料的特殊性能要求，例如高耐热PPE/PS-I共混物、耐候阿萨和AES塑料、坚韧且透明的星星聚合物或氢化和未氢化的弹性体。聚苯乙烯的一个特殊特征是它是少数几种可以使用所有已知的乙烯基单体聚合方法生产高分子量产品的单体之一。因此，使用茂金属催化和阴离子聚合方法的最新聚合技术导致具有工程塑料特性的产品。聚苯乙烯在未来将继续增长，因此其重要性也将增加，特别是当它可以很容易地解聚并以苯乙烯单体的形式回收时。
Polystyrene is with a present day sales volume of 8,5 million tons a year one of the most important thermoplastics worldwide. Its unique property profile makes polystyrene an ideal material for housings, refrigerator inliners and demanding packaging applications, when transparency and/or surface quality as well as stiffness are important. Its economic success is due to its favourable price/performance ratio and also not least to its excellent processability as an amorphous material. In this contribution the versatility and potential for innovation of polystyrene and its copolymers are discussed. Using standard and impact modified polystyrene, it is shown how the maturity of the polymerisation process, the broad spectrum of product modifications as well as processing know how of this class of materials have helped to promote the breakthrough of this product to an acknowledged plastic material. Modern polystyrene variations are increasingly meeting the special property requirements of other materials, like for example high heat resistant PPE/PS-I blends, weather resistant ASA and AES plastics, tough and crystal clear star polymers or hydrogenated and unhydrogenated elastomers. A special feature of polystyrene is that it is one of the few monomers which can be polymerised using all the known methods for vinyl monomers to produce high molecular weight products. Thus the newest polymerisation techniques using metallocene catalysed and anionic polymerisation methods lead to products with the property profile of engineering plastics. Polystyrene will continue to grow in the future and thus increase in importance, especially while it can be easily depolymerised and in the form of styrene monomer recycled.