Impact of cattle grazing and inorganic fertiliser additions to managed grasslands on the microbial community composition of soils
Impact of cattle grazing and inorganic fertiliser additions to managed grasslands on the microbial community composition of soils
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.04.003
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Clegg, CD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clegg, CD
进行了一项研究，以确定在受管理的草原上放牧的牛是否会影响土壤的微生物群落组成。细菌、放线菌的微生物群落分子图谱。从土壤中分离的群落DNA通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增rDNA序列产生假单胞菌和真菌。用变性梯度凝胶电泳法(DGGE)对扩增产物进行分析，并进行主坐标分析。PCR-DGGE图谱表明，放牧对假单胞菌群落结构有影响，而添加无机氮肥对细菌、放线菌和假单胞菌群落结构有影响。放牧草地和施氮草地的真菌群落组成没有明显差异。磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)分析表明，放牧和施氮肥对微生物群落结构均有影响。不同处理间PLFA的丰度不同，其中细菌(15：0)、放线菌(iOMe 18：0)和真菌(18：2 omega6)的PLFA不受放牧牛和氮肥的直接影响，但存在显著的放牧-化肥交互作用。施肥区细菌平板数最高，疯牛区真菌平板数最高。利用PLFA和土壤背景数据对分子微生物群落剖面进行分析，发现了几个显著的相关性。值得注意的是，土壤pH与假单胞菌群落的PCO1呈正相关，与真菌PLFA 18：2w6呈负相关。真菌DGGE图谱与真菌PLFA 18：2 omega6呈负相关，细菌和真菌平板计数呈正相关。PLFA剖面数据的PCI值相关分析表明，土壤有机质、pH、全C和全N与土壤有机质、pH、全C和全N无显著相关性。结果表明，放牧和草地增施氮肥对特定微生物群落组成有影响。种群结构的这种变化的后果可能会对土壤中养分周转的动态产生影响。(C)2005 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
A study was undertaken to determine if cattle grazing on managed grasslands had an impact on the microbial community composition of soils. Microbial community molecular profiles of bacteria, actinomycetes. pseudomonads and fungi were generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of rDNA sequences from community DNA isolated from soils. PCR products were profiled using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and analysed by principal co-ordinate analysis. PCR-DGGE profiles indicated that cattle grazing had an impact on the pseudomonad community structure only, and that the addition of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertiliser impacted on bacterial, actinomycete and pseudomonad community structure. There was no difference in the community profiles of fungi from grazed and N fertilised grassland plots. Analysis of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles revealed that both cattle grazing and N fertiliser impacted on microbial community structure. The abundance of individual PLFAs differed between treatments, with bacterial (15:0), actinomycete (IOMe 18:0) and fungal (18:2 omega 6) PLFAs not affected directly by grazing cattle and N fertiliser, however, there were significant grazing-fertiliser interactions. Bacterial plate counts were highest in the N fertilised plots and fungal plate counts were highest in the cattle crazed plots. Analysis of molecular microbial community profiles with PLFA and background soil data revealed several significant correlations. Notably, soil pH was positively correlated with PCO1 of the pseudomonad community profiles and negatively correlated with the fungal PLFA 18:2w6. Fungal DGGE profiles were negatively correlated with the fungal PLFA 18:2 omega 6, and bacterial and fungal plate counts positively correlated with each other. Correlation analysis using PCI from PLFA profile data showed no significant relationship with soil organic matter, pH, total C and total N. The results indicate that cattle grazing and N fertiliser addition to grasslands impact on the community composition of specific groups of micro-organisms. The consequences of such changes in population structure may have implications regarding the dynamics of nutrient turnover in soils. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.