QUANTUM COMPUTING WITH NEUTRAL ATOMS
QUANTUM COMPUTING WITH NEUTRAL ATOMS
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DOI：
10.22331/q-2020-09-21-327
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发表时间：
2020-09-18
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Jurczak, Christophe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henriet, Loic;Beguin, Lucas;Jurczak, Christophe
在过去三十年里，光操纵中性原子是量子物理领域无数科学发现的核心。在保持量子物质的基本性质(相干、纠缠、叠加)的同时，在光学陷阱阵列内的单个粒子水平上实现的控制水平，使这些技术成为实施破坏性计算范例的主要候选者。在本文中，我们回顾了这些器件的主要特征，从原子/量子比特到应用接口，并提出了一种广泛的任务分类，这些任务已经可以在我们所处的嘈杂的中间尺度量子[1]时代以计算高效的方式解决。我们说明了如何在数字级别(编程基于门的电路)或模拟级别(编程哈密顿序列)探索从优化挑战到量子系统模拟的各种应用。我们给出了中性原子量子处理器在100-1000量子比特范围内的内在可伸缩性的证据，并介绍了通用容错量子计算和超越量子计算的应用的前景。
The manipulation of neutral atoms by light is at the heart of countless scientific discoveries in the field of quantum physics in the last three decades. The level of control that has been achieved at the single particle level within arrays of optical traps, while preserving the fundamental properties of quantum matter (coherence, entanglement, superposition), makes these technologies prime candidates to implement disruptive computation paradigms. In this paper, we review the main characteristics of these devices from atoms / qubits to application interfaces, and propose a classification of a wide variety of tasks that can already be addressed in a computationally efficient manner in the Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum[1] era we are in. We illustrate how applications ranging from optimization challenges to simulation of quantum systems can be explored either at the digital level (programming gate-based circuits) or at the analog level (programming Hamiltonian sequences). We give evidence of the intrinsic scalability of neutral atom quantum processors in the 100-1,000 qubits range and introduce prospects for universal fault tolerant quantum computing and applications beyond quantum computing.