Interest group preferences towards trade agreements: institutional design matters
Interest group preferences towards trade agreements: institutional design matters
复制标题
DOI：
10.1057/s41309-022-00174-z
复制
发表时间：
2022-11-12
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Spilker, Gabriele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duer, Andreas;Huber, Robert A.;Spilker, Gabriele
利益集团在优惠贸易协定（PTA）的政治经济中发挥着关键作用。他们对计划中的 PTA 的支持或反对对于决定 PTA 的命运往往至关重要。但哪些优惠贸易协定得到（哪些）利益集团的支持？显然，PTA 的设计，即协议中包含（不包含）哪些类型的条款，在这方面至关重要。我们认为，贸易和与贸易相关的条款，例如规范服务贸易或保护知识产权的条款，主要是增加出口导向型企业集团对优惠贸易协定的支持。相比之下，纳入非贸易条款，即旨在保护环境和劳工标准的条款，使得公民团体、工会和进口竞争商业团体更加支持贸易协定。依靠对全球利益集团的调查（包括联合实验）的原始数据，我们发现了以下论点的支持：不同类型的利益集团对特惠贸易协定中贸易和非贸易条款的重视程度不同。然而有趣的是，我们发现出口导向型企业和进口竞争型企业利益之间几乎没有什么区别。我们的研究涉及利益集团和贸易政策的研究。
Interest groups play a key role in the political economy of preferential trade agreements (PTAs). Their support for or opposition to a planned PTA tends to be crucial in determining the fate of PTAs. But which PTAs receive support from (which) interest groups? Clearly, the design of a PTA, that is, which types of provisions are (not) included in the agreement, is essential in that respect. We argue that trade and trade-related provisions, such as those that regulate services trade or the protection of intellectual property rights, mainly increase support for PTAs among export-oriented business groups. In contrast, the inclusion of non-trade provisions, namely clauses aimed at the protection of environmental and labour standards, makes citizen groups, labour unions, and import-competing business groups more supportive of trade agreements. Relying on original data from a survey of interest groups across the globe, including a conjoint experiment, we find support for the argument that different types of interest groups value the inclusion of trade and non-trade provisions in PTAs differently. Interestingly, however, we find little difference between export-oriented and import-competing business interests. Our study speaks to research on interest groups and trade policy.