Contemporary glacial lakes in the Peruvian Andes-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1016/j.gloplacha.2021.103574

发表时间：

2021-09

期刊：

Global and Planetary Change

影响因子：

3.9

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

地球科学1区

文献类型：

作者：

J. Wood;S. Harrison;R. Wilson;A. Emmer;C. Yarlequé;N. Glasser;J. Torres;A. Caballero;J. Araujo;G. Bennett;A. Diaz-Moreno;D. Garay;H. Jara;C. Poma;J. Reynolds;C. Riveros;E. Romero;S. Shannon;T. Tinoco;E. Turpo;H. Villafane

应对气候变暖的冰川衰退导致冰川湖泊的规模和数量增加。冰川湖是一个重要的研究重点，因为它们影响水资源，冰川物质平衡，有些还会产生灾难性的冰川湖暴发洪水(GLOF)。近几十年来，秘鲁的冰川退缩变薄，这促使人们有必要对科迪拉雷拉山脉的冰体和水体进行监测。卫星图像的提供极大地促进了这些监测工作。然而，知识差距仍然存在，特别是在冰川湖泊的形成、时间演变和灾难性排水方面。在本文中，我们通过编制秘鲁最新和最详细的冰川湖泊清单来解决这一差距，并提供了一套可重复使用的方法，这些方法可以在不同的时间段和其他山区一致地应用。除了详细说明湖泊的分布和范围外，清单还包括其他指标，如大坝类型和体积，这对GLOF危险评估很重要。这些指标的分析表明，大多数冰川湖泊与现今冰川分离(97%)，并被归类为埋藏型(即基岩堰塞湖，占所有湖泊的~%)或(冰漠湖)堰塞湖(占湖泊总数的28%)。我们还发现，湖泊的大小随大坝类型的不同而不同；堰塞湖的面积往往比嵌入湖泊的面积大。所提供的清单提供了秘鲁冰川湖泊现状的无与伦比的视角，是朝着(1)更好地了解冰川湖泊及其地形和形态特征以及(2)评估与冰川湖泊有关的风险迈出的重要的第一步。

Glacier recession in response to climate warming has resulted in an increase in the size and number of glacial lakes. Glacial lakes are an important focus for research as they impact water resources, glacier mass balance, and some produce catastrophic glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Glaciers in Peru have retreated and thinned in recent decades, prompting the need for monitoring of ice- and water-bodies across the cordilleras. These monitoring efforts have been greatly facilitated by the availability of satellite imagery. However, knowledge gaps remain, particularly in relation to the formation, temporal evolution, and catastrophic drainage of glacial lakes. In this paper we address this gap by producing the most current and detailed glacial lake inventory in Peru and provide a set of reproducible methods that can be applied consistently for different time periods, and for other mountainous regions.The new lake inventory presented includes a total of 4557 glacial lakes covering a total area of 328.85 km2. In addition to detailing lake distribution and extent, the inventory includes other metrics, such as dam type and volume, which are important for GLOF hazard assessments. Analysis of these metrics showed that the majority of glacial lakes are detached from current glaciers (97%) and are classified as either embedded (i.e. bedrock dammed; ~64% of all lakes) or (moraine) dammed (~28% of all lakes) lakes. We also found that lake size varies with dam type; with dammed lakes tending to have larger areas than embedded lakes. The inventory presented provides an unparalleled view of the current state of glacial lakes in Peru and represents an important first step towards (1) improved understanding of glacial lakes and their topographic and morphological characteristics and (2) assessing risk associated with GLOFs.

Contemporary glacial lakes in the Peruvian Andes

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