Two Distinct Types of Eye-Head Coupling in Freely Moving Mice
Two Distinct Types of Eye-Head Coupling in Freely Moving Mice
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2020.04.042
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发表时间：
2020-06-08
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Poort, Jasper
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meyer, Arne F.;O'Keefe, John;Poort, Jasper
动物积极地与环境互动，以收集感官信息。关于老鼠如何利用视觉来采样环境，有相互矛盾的证据。在头部约束期间，小鼠在两眼之间进行快速眼球运动，类似于人类的共轭扫视眼球运动。然而，当小鼠可以自由移动头部时，眼睛的运动更加复杂，并且通常是非共轭的，眼睛向相反的方向移动。我们在自由移动的小鼠中结合了头部和眼睛跟踪，发现这两种观察结果都可以用两种与前庭机制相关的眼-头耦合类型来解释。第一种类型包括非共轭眼球运动，其补偿头部倾斜变化以维持相对于水平地平面的类似视野。第二种类型的眼球运动是共轭的，并耦合到头部偏转旋转，以产生一个“扫视和固定”的凝视模式。在头部发起的扫视期间，眼睛在头部方向上一起移动，但在随后的注视期间，眼睛在与头部相反的方向上移动以补偿头部旋转。这种扫视和注视模式类似于人类使用眼睛运动（有或没有头部运动）来快速转移视线，但在小鼠中依赖于头部和眼睛的联合运动。这两种耦合在社交互动和视觉引导的对象跟踪期间保持。即使在头部受限的小鼠中，眼球运动也总是与头部运动有关。我们的研究结果表明，小鼠联合收割机的头部和眼睛的运动，以采样他们的环境和突出的相似性和差异之间的眼睛运动在小鼠和人类。
Animals actively interact with their environment to gather sensory information. There is conflicting evidence about how mice use vision to sample their environment. During head restraint, mice make rapid eye movements coupled between the eyes, similar to conjugate saccadic eye movements in humans. However, when mice are free to move their heads, eye movements are more complex and often non-conjugate, with the eyes moving in opposite directions. We combined head and eye tracking in freely moving mice and found both observations are explained by two eye-head coupling types, associated with vestibular mechanisms. The first type comprised non-conjugate eye movements, which compensate for head tilt changes to maintain a similar visual field relative to the horizontal ground plane. The second type of eye movements was conjugate and coupled to head yaw rotation to produce a ''saccade and fixate'' gaze pattern. During head-initiated saccades, the eyes moved together in the head direction but during subsequent fixation moved in the opposite direction to the head to compensate for head rotation. This saccade and fixate pattern is similar to humans who use eye movements (with or without head movement) to rapidly shift gaze but in mice relies on combined head and eye movements. Both couplings were maintained during social interactions and visually guided object tracking. Even in head-restrained mice, eye movements were invariably associated with attempted head motion. Our results reveal that mice combine head and eye movements to sample their environment and highlight similarities and differences between eye movements in mice and humans.