SEXUAL SELECTION, MULTIPLE MALE ORNAMENTS, AND AGE- AND CONDITION-DEPENDENT SIGNALING IN THE COMMON YELLOWTHROAT
SEXUAL SELECTION, MULTIPLE MALE ORNAMENTS, AND AGE- AND CONDITION-DEPENDENT SIGNALING IN THE COMMON YELLOWTHROAT
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00873.x
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Tsang, Susan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Freeman-Gallant, Corey R.;Taff, Conor C.;Tsang, Susan M.
在许多动物中，性选择导致了复杂的信号系统，在这些系统中，雄性通过精心设计的装饰和展示行为来宣传其表型或遗传质量的各个方面。不同的装饰品可能传达不同的信息或指向不同的接收者，但它们也可能是在不同时间(年龄)或不同背景下可靠发挥作用的冗余质量信号。我们在常见的黄喉(Geothlypis Tricas)中探索了性别选择和年龄和条件依赖的信号，这是一种性别二色莺，有两个突出的羽饰-基于黑色素的黑色面部“面具”和以类胡萝卜素为基础的紫外线黄色的“围嘴”。在一项为期三年的研究中，男性在社交(M-W)和额外配对(M-E)伴侣数量上的差异会在面具和围嘴属性上产生强烈的性选择。一些特征(口罩大小、围兜黄色亮度)与男性年龄相关，除了M-W和M-E随年龄增加而发生的选择外，没有经历其他选择。其他特征显示了年龄特定的(围兜大小)或年龄反转(紫外线亮度)的选择模式，这些模式与每个装饰品的信息含量的变化平行。青年雄性与老年雄性的适合度选择成分不同，反映了雄性受精成功率的不同变异来源。随着年龄和环境的变化，选择的强度、方向和目标可能有助于解释该物种和其他物种保持多种装饰物的原因。
In many animals, sexual selection has resulted in complex signaling systems in which males advertise aspects of their phenotypic or genetic quality through elaborate ornamentation and display behaviors. Different ornaments might convey different information or be directed at different receivers, but they might also be redundant signals of quality that function reliably at different times (ages) or in different contexts. We explored sexual selection and age-and condition-dependent signaling in the common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas), a sexually dichromatic warbler with two prominent plumage ornaments-a melanin-based, black facial "mask" and carotenoid-based, UV-yellow "bib." In a three-year study, variance among males in the number of social (M-w) and extra-pair (M-e) mates generated strong sexual selection on mask and bib attributes. Some traits (mask size, bib yellow brightness) were correlated with male age and did not experience selection beyond age-related increases in M-w and M-e. Other traits showed age-specific (bib size) or age-reversed (ultraviolet brightness) patterns of selection that paralleled changes in the information-content of each ornament. The components of male fitness generating selection in young versus old males were distinct, reflecting different sources of variation in male fertilization success. Age-and context-dependent changes in the strength, direction, and target of selection may help explain the maintenance of multiple ornaments in this and other species.