Aging and executive function skills: An examination of a community-dwelling older adult population
Aging and executive function skills: An examination of a community-dwelling older adult population
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DOI：
10.2466/pms.1997.84.3c.1187
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发表时间：
1997-06-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Fisher, CB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brennan, M;Welsh, MC;Fisher, CB
本研究的目的是采用河内塔任务来研究老年人执行功能技能的可能变化。该研究采用准实验设计，年龄组（即，年轻人、年轻老年人或老年人），是检查年轻人和老年人之间表现差异的自变量。按年龄组对数据进行横断面分析。19名老年男性和女性分为两组; 9名平均年龄为65岁的年轻老年人和10名平均年龄为75岁的老年人; 2名男性和10名女性作为平均年龄为19岁的年轻成年人对照组。在河内塔上的表现是通过效率分数（连续解决方案的尝试次数）、错误类型的频率、自我纠正分数（在犯了一个排除“正确"解决方案的错误后，在20个或更少的动作中完成齿轮配置）和错误持续（在一个问题的两次连续尝试中犯同样的错误）来衡量的。方差分析和卡方检验表明，类似的执行能力之间的9个年轻的成年人和8个年轻的老年人参与者相比，他们的7个老年同行的3盘任务。然而，如果磁盘的任务，增加了另一个磁盘和更长的移动序列的问题的复杂性，年轻的成年人参与者表现出上级的平均性能比年轻的老年人或老年人参与者。虽然本研究是有限的，小样本量和使用横断面分析来检查年龄差异，这些结果是一致的假设，年龄差异的执行功能。
The purpose of the present study was to employ the Tower of Hanoi task to the study of possible changes in executive function skills in older adults. The study used a quasi-experimental design, with age group (i.e., young adult, young elderly, or older elderly), being the independent variable in examining performance differences between younger and older adults. Data were analyzed cross-sectionally by age group. Nineteen elderly men and women comprised two groups; nine Young Elderly with an average age of 65 years and ten Older Elderly with an average age of 75 pars; Two men and ten women served as a Young Adult comparison group having an average age of 19 years. Performance on the Tower of Hanoi was measured by efficiency scores (number of trials to consecutive solutions), frequency of error types, self-correction scores (completing the gear configuration in twenty or fewer moves after committing an error precluding a ''correct'' solution), and error perseveration (committing the same error on two consecutive trials of a problem). Analysis of variance and chi-squared tests suggested similar executive capacities among the 9 young adult and the 8 young elderly participants as compared to their 7 older elderly peers on the 3-disk task. However, on the if-disk task where problem complexity increased by the addition of another disk and longer move sequences, young adult participants showed superior performance on the average than either young elderly or older elderly participants. Although the present study is limited by the small sample size and the use of cross-sectional analyses to examine age differences, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis of age differences in executive function.