Signatures of a jet cocoon in early spectra of a supernova associated with a γ-ray burst
Signatures of a jet cocoon in early spectra of a supernova associated with a γ-ray burst
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与 γ 射线爆发相关的超新星早期光谱中喷射茧的特征
作者：
长γ射线爆发与高能、宽线、剥离包层的超新星有关，因此标志着大质量恒星的死亡。附近此类事件的稀有，以及γ射线暴余辉的亮度，在爆炸后的头几天里主导着发射，到目前为止，这阻碍了对与γ射线暴有关的超新星非常早期的演化的研究。在与γ射线爆发无关的氢剥离超新星中，过量的高速(大约每秒30,000公里)物质被解释为阻塞的喷流的特征，而不是从前身恒星出来，而是将其所有能量储存在热茧中。在这里，我们报告了超新星SN(2017iuk)的多历元光谱观测，它与γ射线暴GRB(171205A)有关。我们的光谱显示在爆发后的第一天内以极高的膨胀速度(约每秒115,000公里)。使用为SN-2017iuk开发的光谱合成模型，我们表明这些特征的化学丰度不同于后来在SN-2017iuk喷出物中观察到的化学丰度。我们进一步证明，高速特征来自温和相对论热茧，它是由γ射线暴内的超相对论喷流膨胀和减速进入围绕前体恒星的介质而产生的。这个茧很快变得透明，并在超新星发射的影响下黯然失色，超新星发射在爆炸三天后开始主导发射。
Long γ-ray bursts are associated with energetic, broad-lined, stripped-envelope supernovae,and as such mark the death of massive stars. The scarcity of such events nearby and the brightness of the γ-ray burst afterglow, which dominates the emission in the first few days after the burst, have so far prevented the study of the very early evolution of supernovae associated with γ-ray bursts. In hydrogen-stripped supernovae that are not associated with γ-ray bursts, an excess of high-velocity (roughly 30,000 kilometres per second) material has been interpreted as a signature of a choked jet, which did not emerge from the progenitor star and instead deposited all of its energy in a thermal cocoon. Here we report multi-epoch spectroscopic observations of the supernova SN 2017iuk, which is associated with the γ-ray burst GRB 171205A. Our spectra display features at extremely high expansion velocities (around 115,000 kilometres per second) within the first day after the burst,. Using spectral synthesis models developed for SN 2017iuk, we show that these features are characterized by chemical abundances that differ from those observed in the ejecta of SN 2017iuk at later times. We further show that the high-velocity features originate from the mildly relativistic hot cocoon that is generated by an ultra-relativistic jet within the γ-ray burst expanding and decelerating into the medium that surrounds the progenitor star,. This cocoon rapidly becomes transparent and is outshone by the supernova emission, which starts to dominate the emission three days after the burst.
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TARDIS：超新星中的温度和辐射扩散
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
W. E. Kerzendorf;S. Sim
通讯作者：
S. Sim
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
J. Greiner;W. Bornemann;C. Clemens;M. Deuter;G. Hasinger;M. Honsberg;H. Huber;S. Huber;M. Krauss;T. Krühler;A. Yoldas;H. Mayer-Hasselwander;B. Mican;N. Primak;F. Schrey;I. Steiner;I. Steiner;G. Szokoly;C. Thöne;C. Thöne;A. Yoldas;S. Klose;U. Laux;J. Winkler
通讯作者：
J. Greiner;W. Bornemann;C. Clemens;M. Deuter;G. Hasinger;M. Honsberg;H. Huber;S. Huber;M. Krauss;T. Krühler;A. Yoldas;H. Mayer-Hasselwander;B. Mican;N. Primak;F. Schrey;I. Steiner;I. Steiner;G. Szokoly;C. Thöne;C. Thöne;A. Yoldas;S. Klose;U. Laux;J. Winkler
DOI：
10.1088/0004-637x/753/1/67
发表时间：
2011-11
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
F. Bufano;E. Pian;J. Sollerman;S. Benetti;G. Pignata;S. Valenti;S. Covino;P. D’Avanzo;D. Malesani;E. Cappellaro;M. Della Valle;J. Fynbo;J. Hjorth;P. Mazzali;D. Reichart;R. Starling;M. Turatto;S. Vergani;K. Wiersema;L. Amati;D. Bersier;S. Campana;Z. Cano;A. Castro-Tirado;G. Chincarini;V. D’Elia;A. de Ugarte Postigo;J. Deng;P. Ferrero;A. Filippenko;P. Goldoni;J. Gorosabel;J. Greiner;F. Hammer;P. Jakobsson;L. Kaper;K. Kawabata;S. Klose;A. Levan;K. Maeda;N. Masetti;B. Milvang-Jensen;F. Mirabel;P. Møller;K. Nomoto;E. Palazzi;S. Piranomonte;R. Salvaterra;G. Stratta;G. Tagliaferri;Masaomi Tanaka;N. Tanvir;R. Wijers
通讯作者：
F. Bufano;E. Pian;J. Sollerman;S. Benetti;G. Pignata;S. Valenti;S. Covino;P. D’Avanzo;D. Malesani;E. Cappellaro;M. Della Valle;J. Fynbo;J. Hjorth;P. Mazzali;D. Reichart;R. Starling;M. Turatto;S. Vergani;K. Wiersema;L. Amati;D. Bersier;S. Campana;Z. Cano;A. Castro-Tirado;G. Chincarini;V. D’Elia;A. de Ugarte Postigo;J. Deng;P. Ferrero;A. Filippenko;P. Goldoni;J. Gorosabel;J. Greiner;F. Hammer;P. Jakobsson;L. Kaper;K. Kawabata;S. Klose;A. Levan;K. Maeda;N. Masetti;B. Milvang-Jensen;F. Mirabel;P. Møller;K. Nomoto;E. Palazzi;S. Piranomonte;R. Salvaterra;G. Stratta;G. Tagliaferri;Masaomi Tanaka;N. Tanvir;R. Wijers
用于超新星快速建模的光谱合成代码
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
W. E. Kerzendorf;S. Sim
通讯作者：
S. Sim
相对论性非磁化射流在致密介质中传播的数值校准模型
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
R. Harrison;O. Gottlieb;E. Nakar
通讯作者：
E. Nakar