Two MYB Proteins in a Self-Organizing Activator-Inhibitor System Produce Spotted Pigmentation Patterns
Two MYB Proteins in a Self-Organizing Activator-Inhibitor System Produce Spotted Pigmentation Patterns
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2019.12.067
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发表时间：
2020-03-09
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Yuan, Yao-Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding, Baoqing;Patterson, Erin L.;Yuan, Yao-Wu
许多生物体呈现出视觉上醒目的斑点或条纹状色素沉着模式。发展模型预测，这种空间模式可以形成时，当地的自催化反馈回路和远程抑制反馈回路相互作用。最简单的说，这种自组织网络只需要一个自激活的激活物，它也激活一个阻遏物，阻遏物抑制激活物并扩散到邻近的细胞。然而，完全适合这种多功能模型的分子活化剂和抑制剂在色素沉着系统中仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们的特点是R2 R3-MYB激活剂和R3-MYB阻遏猴花（Mimulus）。通过实验扰动和数学建模，我们表明，这两种蛋白质的属性对应于一个激活剂-抑制剂对在一个双组分，反应扩散系统，解释分散的花青素斑点在monkeyflower花瓣的形成。值得注意的是，破坏这种模式会影响传粉者的访问。因此，在简单的激活剂-抑制剂系统的微妙变化可能是至关重要的贡献者的显着多样性的色素沉着模式在花的演变。
Many organisms exhibit visually striking spotted or striped pigmentation patterns. Developmental models predict that such spatial patterns can form when a local autocatalytic feedback loop and a long-range inhibitory feedback loop interact. At its simplest, this self-organizing network only requires one self-activating activator that also activates a repressor, which inhibits the activator and diffuses to neighboring cells. However, the molecular activators and inhibitors fully fitting this versatile model remain elusive in pigmentation systems. Here, we characterize an R2R3-MYB activator and an R3-MYB repressor in monkeyflowers (Mimulus). Through experimental perturbation and mathematical modeling, we demonstrate that the properties of these two proteins correspond to an activator-inhibitor pair in a two-component, reaction-diffusion system, explaining the formation of dispersed anthocyanin spots in monkeyflower petals. Notably, disrupting this pattern impacts pollinator visitation. Thus, subtle changes in simple activator-inhibitor systems are likely essential contributors to the evolution of the remarkable diversity of pigmentation patterns in flowers.