Mating systems in ascomycetes: a romp in the sac.
Mating systems in ascomycetes: a romp in the sac.
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DOI：
10.1016/0168-9525(96)81403-x
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发表时间：
1996-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. A. Nelson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. A. Nelson
玛丽·安妮·尼尔森“子囊菌选择有性繁殖和无性繁殖，只有在适当强调的情况下，大多数才诉诸有性发育。L所拥有的许多蛋白质都具有调节发育的作用。Oomomaln preteens，HM64box preFabs)也是控制有性繁殖的核心，也是子囊菌。大多数子囊菌交配。L~.~型是结构复杂的同型异构体(大片非同源dna)，因为它们编码可能独立的多种产物。交配型基因的产物是性发育的主要调节因子；我们才刚刚开始研究涉及这些主调节因子下游的信号转导途径的因子&单倍体或二倍体(图2)；二倍体细胞在适当的环境条件下进行减数分裂并形成子囊细胞，包括缺氮和缺碳。子囊直接由一个二倍体细胞形成，不需要结实细胞或任何外部细胞的参与。单倍体孢子不是从子囊中强行获取的，而是在子囊外壁破裂时释放出来的。核融合的控制对丝状子囊菌提出了挑战，而酵母菌并不面临这种挑战。在子囊菌酵母中，相对交配型的两个核在胞质配子后立即融合，因此不需要保持明显的核相同的能力。然而，在菲兰的触须子囊中受精后，相反交配型的两个核共存于同一细胞质中，监测
MARY ANNE NELSON"~~ e ascomyvetous fungt choose beOveen sexual and asexual reproduction, it is only when appropriately stressed that most resort to sexual developmem. Many of the proteins l~ own to regulate develoImka~ t~ aMmals (hon~. odomaln preteens, HM64box prefabs) are also central to the control of sexual d~ feremlatton is the ascomycetes. Most ascomycete mating. type l~.~ are struclurally compgex idtomorphs (large regions of nonhomologous DNA), in that they encode multiple products of probable imfependent epolutionary ori~ t~ The products of the mating-type genes are~ he master regulators of sexual development; we are just begimting our seareh for factors involved M the signal transdstcttott pathway downstream from these master regttlator& haploids or diploids (Fig. 2); diploid cells undergo muiosis and form an ascus under appropriate environmental conditions, including starvation for nitrogen and carhon. An ascus forms directly from a single diploid cell, without the involvement of a fruiting I'mdy or any external snppolling tissue. The haploid spores are not forcibly eiected from the ascus, but~ tther released when tile outer wall of the ascus breaks down. Control of nuclear fusion presents a challenge to the filamentous ascomycetes with which the yeasts are not faced. In ascomycc'tous yeasts, the two nuclei of opposite mating type fuse inlmediately after plasmogamy, so that the ability to maintain a distinct nuclear identity is not required. However, after fertilization in the filan'tentous ascomycetes, the two nuclei of opposite mating type coexist in the same cytoplasm, monitoring the