Observations and sampling of an ongoing subsurface eruption of Kavachi volcano, Solomon Islands, May 2000
Observations and sampling of an ongoing subsurface eruption of Kavachi volcano, Solomon Islands, May 2000
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2000 年 5 月，所罗门群岛卡瓦奇火山正在进行的地下喷发的观测和采样
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. McInnes
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作者：
E. Baker;G. Massoth;C. D. Ronde;J. Lupton;B. McInnes
在所罗门群岛偶然遇到一座正在喷发的浅海底火山，这为绘制火山排放物向周围水柱扩散的地图和取样提供了难得的机会。卡瓦奇火山是一座弧前火山，位于太平洋板块上，距离其与下行的印度-澳大利亚板块的会聚边界东北仅2.30公里。在2000年5月14日期间，我们观察到每隔几分钟就有一次爆炸性的蒸汽岩浆喷发，在离山顶1.5公里处的整个水柱中形成了复杂的火山玻璃碎片羽状分布。在4-5公里的距离，浅水（3氦，铁，锰（只有一个样本），但不是在二氧化碳。我们推断，火山侧翼基本上是不可渗透的流体排放和所观察到的粒子晕是由岩浆破碎和再悬浮。因此，大多数岩浆和热液流体直接从山顶排入大气。
A serendipitous encounter with an erupting, shallow submarine volcano in the Solomon Islands provided a rare opportunity to map and sample the dispersal of volcanogenic emissions into the surrounding water column. Kavachi, episodically active since at least 1939, is a forearc volcano located on the Pacific plate only ∼30 km northeast of its convergent boundary with the downgoing Indo-Australian plate. During 14 May 2000 we observed explosive phreatomagmatic eruptions at several minute intervals, creating a complex distribution of plumes of volcanic glass shards throughout the water column at a distance of ∼1.5 km from the summit. At distances of 4–5 km, shallow-water ( 3 He, Fe, and Mn (one sample only), but not in CO 2 . We infer that the volcano flanks were essentially impermeable to fluid emissions and that the observed particle halo was created by magma shattering and resuspension. Most magmatic and hydrothermal fluids were thus discharged directly from the summit into the atmosphere.