"Don't forget to take the cupcakes out of the oven": prospective memory, strategic time-monitoring, and context.
"Don't forget to take the cupcakes out of the oven": prospective memory, strategic time-monitoring, and context.
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“不要忘记把纸杯蛋糕从烤箱里拿出来”：前瞻性记忆、战略时间监控和背景。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1985.tb00094.x
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
U. Bronfenbrenner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Ceci;U. Bronfenbrenner
儿童在需要前瞻记忆的任务中采用的策略（即，记住在未来做某事）进行了调查，以阐明所涉及的过程的性质，以及它们的发展和背景决定因素。有效的策略使用，预计随着年龄的增长，但减少在一个不熟悉的设置或与较高的性别角色期望的任务。孩子们被指示执行未来的活动后，等待30分钟。儿童的时钟检查在等待期间进行了评估，在自己的家中或大学的心理物理实验室。正如所预测的那样，战略时间监测发生在实验室比在家里少。在实验室环境中，与较高的性别角色期望和年龄相关的预期差异在年龄较大的男孩中最为突出。研究结果表明，当在熟悉的环境中观察时，儿童可以采用复杂的认知策略。重点放在实验室的科学力量作为一个对比的背景下，照亮发展过程。
Strategies employed by children in tasks requiring prospective memory (i.e., remembering to do something in the future) were investigated to illuminate the nature of the processes involved, and their developmental and contextual determinants. Efficient strategy use was expected to increase with age but to decrease in an unfamiliar setting or on a task associated with higher sex-role expectations. Children were instructed to perform future activities after waiting 30 min. Children's clock-checking during the waiting period was assessed in their own homes or a university psychophysics laboratory. As predicted, strategic time-monitoring occurred less frequently in the laboratory than in the home. The anticipated differences associated with higher sex-role expectations and age were most salient for older boys in the laboratory setting. The findings indicate that, when observed in a familiar setting, children can be shown to employ sophisticated cognitive strategies. Emphasis is placed on the scientific power of the laboratory as a contrasting context for illuminating developmental processes.