Effect of nest design, passages, and hybrid on use of nest and production performance of layers in furnished cages
Effect of nest design, passages, and hybrid on use of nest and production performance of layers in furnished cages
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DOI：
10.1093/ps/81.3.333
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Elwinger, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wall, H;Tauson, R;Elwinger, K
在带家具的实验笼中研究了生产性能，包括蛋品质和产蛋比例，该实验笼包括巢、窝砂池和栖木。试验共选用972只蛋鸡，分别为罗曼精选来霍恩（LSL）和海兰白（hyline White）两种基因型。这些鸡从20周龄到80周龄进行了研究，并以传统的四母鸡笼作为参考。在带家具的6只母鸡的笼子中，对LSL母鸡研究了30%或50%的窝底（Astro草皮(R)）与100%的窝底（Astro草皮）的影响。巢底衬里对产蛋量、破蛋和脏蛋比例无显著影响，但与50%或30%衬里的笼子相比，100%衬里的笼子对巢的利用率显著提高。将这两种杂交母鸡放在两种设计的14或16只母鸡的大型集体笼子里进行比较；带有两个弹出孔或全开的后隔板，即无后隔板。LSL鸡产蛋率显著提高，破蛋率显著降低。H型笼和o型笼在产量和鸡蛋品质上均无差异。LSL鸟在巢中产卵的比例明显较低，特别是在o型笼中，这表明存在显著的混合x笼相互作用。当饲养在传统的笼子里时，这些杂交种在破蛋比例上没有差异，但在生产性状上存在差异。综上所述，在现有的巢设计下，降低巢底比例不可能不影响鸟类的巢用，但不影响蛋的外观品质。在进一步开发带家具的网箱时，应考虑基因型的影响。
Production performance, including egg quality, and proportion of eggs laid in nests were studied in furnished experimental cages incorporating nests, litter baths, and perches. The study comprised a total of 972 hens of two genotypes: Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) and Hy-Line White. The birds were studied from 20 to 80 wk of age, and conventional four-hen cages were included as a reference. In furnished cages for six hens, the effects of 30 or 50% vs. 100% nest bottom lining (Astro turf(R)) were studied with LSL hens. Nest bottom lining had no significant effect on egg production or proportions of cracked or dirty eggs, but the use of nests was significantly higher in cages incorporating nests with 100% lining, compared with 50 or 30%. The two hybrids were compared when housed in large, group-furnished cages for 14 or 16 hens of two designs; with a rear partition with two pop holes or fully open, i.e., no rear partition. LSL birds produced significantly better and had a significantly lower proportion of cracked eggs. There was no difference between H- and O-cages, either in production or in egg quality. LSL birds laid a significantly lower proportion of eggs in the nests, especially in O-cages, implying a significant hybrid x cage interaction. When housed in conventional cages, the hybrids did not differ in proportion of cracked eggs but differed in production traits. It was concluded that with the present nest design, the proportion of nest bottom lining cannot be reduced without affecting birds' use of nests, but the proportion did not affect exterior egg quality. The effect of genotype should be considered in the further development of furnished cages.