Metabolic syndrome and its relation to dietary patterns among a selected urbanised and semi-urbanised Tibetan population in transition from nomadic to settled living environment
Metabolic syndrome and its relation to dietary patterns among a selected urbanised and semi-urbanised Tibetan population in transition from nomadic to settled living environment
复制标题
从游牧生活环境向定居生活环境转变的特定城市化和半城市化藏族人群的代谢综合征及其与饮食模式的关系
DOI：
10.1017/s1368980019004798
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发表时间：
2021-04-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Liu, Yongnian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peng, Wen;Liu, Yan;Liu, Yongnian
摘要目的：探讨从游牧环境向定居环境过渡的城市化和半城市化藏族人群中代谢综合征(METS)的范围及其与主要饮食结构的关系。设计：横断面。环境：以社区为基础。研究对象：城市化和半城市化的藏族成年人(n 920，年龄18-90岁)，他们从游牧生活环境迁移到定居生活环境，通过结构化的面对面访谈回答关于食物消费频率和生活方式特征的问卷，并完成人体测量和代谢生物标志物测试。结果：男性METs患病率为30.1%，女性为32.1%。低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和中心性肥胖是主要的代谢异常(分别为86.3%和55.8%)。研究确定了三种主要的饮食模式--城市饮食、西部饮食和田园饮食。牛肉/羊肉是所有三种确定的饮食模式的重要食物组。此外，城市饮食模式的特点是经常食用蔬菜、块茎/根茎和精制碳水化合物；西式饮食模式的特点是含糖饮料、零食和甜点；田园饮食模式的特点是tsamba(西藏烘焙大麦)、西藏奶酪、黄油茶/奶茶和全脂乳制品。在控制了潜在的混杂因素后，城市饮食模式得分最高的五分之一的个体患METS(OR 2·43，95%CI 1·41，4·18)和中心性肥胖(OR 1·91，95%CI 1·16，3·14)的风险更高。结论：在城市化和半城市化的藏族成年人口中，甲硫氨酸水平较高。特别是城市饮食模式，是大都会医院的一个危险因素。为了预防甲型肝炎，需要量身定做营养干预措施，以解决当地饮食模式的多样性，以促进健康饮食。
Abstract Objective: To explore the scope of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its relationship to the major dietary patterns among an urbanised and semi-urbanised Tibetan population in transition from nomadic to settled settings. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Community-based. Participants: Urbanised and semi-urbanised Tibetan adults (n 920, aged 18–90 years), who have moved from nomadic to settled living environments, answered questionnaires on food consumption frequency and lifestyle characteristics through structured face-to-face interviews and completed anthropometric measurement and metabolic biomarker tests. Results: MetS prevalence was 30·1 % in males and 32·1 % in females. Low HDL-cholesterol and central obesity were the leading metabolic abnormalities (86·3 and 55·8 %, respectively). Three major dietary patterns – urban, western and pastoral – were identified. Beef/mutton was an important food group for all three identified dietary patterns. In addition, the urban dietary pattern was characterised by frequent consumption of vegetables, tubers/roots and refined carbohydrates; the western pattern was characterised by sweetened drinks, snacks and desserts; and the pastoral pattern featured tsamba (roasted Tibetan barley), Tibetan cheese, butter tea/milk tea and whole-fat dairy foods. Individuals in the highest quintile of urban dietary pattern scores were found to be at a higher risk of developing MetS (OR 2·43, 95 % CI 1·41, 4·18) and central obesity (OR 1·91, 95 % CI 1·16, 3·14) after controlling for potential confounders. Conclusions: MetS was common among urbanised and semi-urbanised Tibetan adult population in transition. The urban dietary pattern, in particular, was a risk factor for MetS. To prevent MetS, nutrition interventions need to be tailored to address the variety of local diet patterns to promote healthy eating.