Sleep disturbances in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Sleep disturbances in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
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DOI：
10.1097/00004583-199806000-00014
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发表时间：
1998-06-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Moldofsky, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corkum, P;Tannock, R;Moldofsky, H
目的：探讨睡眠障碍与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的关系。方法：系统回顾自1970年以来有关ADHD儿童睡眠障碍的实证研究。一个“盒子分数”的方法被用来检查跨研究的结果的一致性，其中使用不同的结果测量。结果：虽然ADHD患者睡眠障碍的主观描述很普遍，但这些障碍的客观验证不太可靠。唯一一致的客观发现是，ADHD儿童在睡眠中表现出更多的运动，但在总睡眠时间上与正常对照组没有差异。另一个发现是，兴奋剂药物导致儿童睡眠的变化（例如，延长睡眠潜伏期，增加第一个快速眼动周期的发作时间），但这些变化被认为是非病理性的。结论：ADHD儿童睡眠问题的确切性质仍有待确定。许多相关问题尚未得到充分解决。诸如诊断组定义不清，样本量小，研究少以及方法和程序限制等因素使得难以确定ADHD和睡眠问题之间的关系。
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between sleep disturbances and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: Empirical research published since 1970 on sleep disturbances in children with ADHD was systematically reviewed. A "box-score" approach was used to examine consistency of findings across the studies, which used different outcome measures. Results: Although subjective accounts of sleep disturbances in ADHD were prevalent, objective verification of these disturbances was less robust. The only consistent objective findings were that children with ADHD displayed more movements during sleep but did not differ from normal controls in total sleep time. An additional finding was that stimulant medication led to changes in the children's sleep (e.g., prolonged sleep latency, increased length of onset to first rapid eye movement cycle), but these changes were believed to be nonpathological. Conclusions: The exact nature of the sleep problems in children with ADHD remains to be determined. Many of the relevant issues have not been adequately addressed. Factors such as poorly defined diagnostic groups, small sample sizes, few studies, and methodological and procedural limitations make it difficult to determine the relationship between ADHD and sleep problems.