Does intolerance of uncertainty predict anticipatory startle responses to uncertain threat?
Does intolerance of uncertainty predict anticipatory startle responses to uncertain threat?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.05.003
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Shankman, Stewart A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelson, Brady D.;Shankman, Stewart A.
不确定性不耐受（IU）被认为是几种焦虑症的重要维持因素，包括广泛性焦虑症、强迫症和社交恐惧症。虽然IU已被证明可以预测在不确定/模糊情况下的主观评分和决策，但很少有研究调查IU是否也可以预测对不确定威胁的情绪反应。本研究考察了在预期暂时不确定的冲击时，IU是否预测了厌恶反应（惊吓和主观评分）。69名参与者完成了三种实验条件：无电击、暂时确定/可预测的电击和暂时不确定的电击。结果表明，在不确定威胁条件下，IU与惊吓呈负相关，较高IU的惊吓反应较小。IU也只在不确定（而不是确定/可预测）威胁条件下与惊吓有关，这表明它不能预测一般的厌恶反应，而是特定于对不确定厌恶的反应。对焦虑相关事件的感知控制介导了IU与对不确定威胁的惊吓之间的关系，因此高IU导致较低的感知控制，从而导致较小的惊吓反应。我们讨论了这些发现的几种可能的解释，包括IU的抑制特性。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，IU与对不确定威胁的厌恶反应的减弱有关。(C) 2011 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) has been proposed to be an important maintaining factor in several anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and social phobia. While IU has been shown to predict subjective ratings and decision-making during uncertain/ambiguous situations, few studies have examined whether IU also predicts emotional responding to uncertain threat. The present study examined whether IU predicted aversive responding (startle and subjective ratings) during the anticipation of temporally uncertain shocks. Sixty-nine participants completed three experimental conditions during which they received: no shocks, temporally certain/predictable shocks, and temporally uncertain shocks. Results indicated that IU was negatively associated with startle during the uncertain threat condition in that those with higher IU had a smaller startle response. IU was also only related to startle during the uncertain (and not the certain/predictable) threat condition, suggesting that it was not predictive of general aversive responding, but specific to responses to uncertain aversiveness. Perceived control over anxiety-related events mediated the relation between IU and startle to uncertain threat, such that high IU led to lowered perceived control, which in turn led to a smaller startle response. We discuss several potential explanations for these findings, including the inhibitory qualities of IU. Overall, our results suggest that IU is associated with attenuated aversive responding to uncertain threat. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.