Can Policy Be Risk-Based? The Cultural Theory of Risk and the Case of Livestock Disease Containment
Can Policy Be Risk-Based? The Cultural Theory of Risk and the Case of Livestock Disease Containment
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DOI：
10.1111/soru.12064
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Haygarth, Philip
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duckett, Dominic;Wynne, Brian;Haygarth, Philip
本文从文化理论的角度探讨了专家话语中呼吁基于风险的政策的本质。对从事牲畜疾病控制研究和管理的专业人员进行的半结构化访谈提供了可供阅读的数据，表明与社会技术危害相关的政策的真正基础是深刻的政治性，并且不能通过客观性的逃避途径来净化。科学家和风险管理者一方面呼吁采取基于风险的政策方法，另一方面承认传统定量风险分析范围之外的一系列政策驱动因素，包括群体利益、疫情爆发等不测事件、历史前因、新兴科学进步和其他突发事件。遵循文化理论，提出基于风险的政策的呼吁，作为与还原论认识论相关的理想，并服务于其他人的特定专业利益，而不是作为范式转变的现实建议。
This article explores the nature of calls for risk-based policy present in expert discourse from a cultural theory perspective. Semi-structured interviews with professionals engaged in the research and management of livestock disease control provide the data for a reading proposing that the real basis of policy relating to socio-technical hazards is deeply political and cannot be purified through escape routes' to objectivity. Scientists and risk managers are shown calling, on the one hand, for risk-based policy approaches while on the other acknowledging a range of policy drivers outside the scope of conventional quantitative risk analysis including group interests, eventualities such as outbreaks, historical antecedents, emergent scientific advances and other contingencies. Calls for risk-based policy are presented, following cultural theory, as ideals connected to a reductionist epistemology and serving particular professional interests over others rather than as realistic proposals for a paradigm shift.