Seeking Pleasure and Seeking Pain: Differences in Prohedonic and Contra-Hedonic Motivation From Adolescence to Old Age
Seeking Pleasure and Seeking Pain: Differences in Prohedonic and Contra-Hedonic Motivation From Adolescence to Old Age
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02473.x
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Lindenberger, Ulman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Riediger, Michaela;Schmiedek, Florian;Lindenberger, Ulman
我们在378名年龄从14岁到86岁的个体样本中使用基于手机的体验抽样技术，研究了人们在日常生活中想要如何影响自身情绪方面的年龄差异。在青少年时期，想要维持或增强负面情绪或抑制正面情绪的逆享乐动机最为普遍，而在老年时期，想要维持（但不增强）正面情绪或抑制负面情绪的顺享乐动机最为普遍。这种模式反映在自我报告的日常情绪幸福感随年龄增长而增加上。对伴随顺享乐和逆享乐动机的情绪体验的分析与以下观点一致：逆享乐动机更可能起到功利性功能而非享乐功能，并且当负面情绪伴随着正面情绪时，人们更有可能有动机去维持负面情绪。文中还讨论了对理解情感发展的启示。
Using a mobile-phone-based experience-sampling technology in a sample of 378 individuals ranging from 14 to 86 years of age, we investigated age differences in how people want to influence their feelings in their daily lives. Contra-hedonic motivations of wanting either to maintain or enhance negative affect or to dampen positive affect were most prevalent in adolescence, whereas prohedonic motivations of wanting either to maintain, but not enhance, positive affect or to dampen negative affect were most prevalent in old age. This pattern was mirrored by an age-related increase in self-reported day-to-day emotional well-being. Analyses of the emotional experiences that accompanied prohedonic and contra-hedonic motivations are consistent with the notions that contra-hedonic motivations are more likely to serve utilitarian than hedonic functions, and that people are more likely to be motivated to maintain negative affect when it is accompanied by positive affect. Implications for understanding affective development are discussed.