Human-biting activities of Anopheles species in south-central Ethiopia.
Human-biting activities of Anopheles species in south-central Ethiopia.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-016-1813-x
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发表时间：
2016-09-30
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Overgaard HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kenea O;Balkew M;Tekie H;Gebre-Michael T;Deressa W;Loha E;Lindtjørn B;Overgaard HJ
室内滞留喷洒（IRS）和长效杀虫蚊帐（LLIN）是埃塞俄比亚关键的疟疾病媒控制干预措施。这些干预措施的成功取决于其驱除或杀死室内进食和休息的蚊子的功效。这项研究的目的是监测埃塞俄比亚中南部按蚊的人类叮咬模式。 2014 年 7 月至 11 月期间，在埃塞俄比亚中南部的 Edo Kontola 村，利用人体着陆捕捉器 (HLC) 在室内和室外的三间房屋中对按蚊的咬人模式进行了 40 个晚上的监测。这个时间恰逢埃塞俄比亚的主要疟疾传播季节，通常在九月至十一月之间。 19:00 至 06:00 收集成年蚊子并进行物种鉴定。 HLC 数据的比较是使用通过负二项式回归计算的发病率比 (IRR) 进行的。每种按蚊的夜间叮咬活动以每人每小时着陆的平均蚊数表示。为了评估按蚊的疟疾感染，通过酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA) 测定了恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫环子孢子蛋白 (CSP) 的存在。总共收集了 3,408 只成年雌性按蚊，其中 2,610 只（76.6%）在室外，798 只（23.4%）在室内。蔡曼按蚊 (Anopheles zeimanni) 是主要物种 (66.5%)，其次是按蚊 (An. zeimanni)。 arabiensis (24.8%)，An. pharoensis (6.8%) 和 An. funestus (s.l.) (1.8%)。室外的总体平均按蚊密度是室内的 3.3 倍（65.3 比 19.9/人/夜，IRR：3.3，95% CI：1.1–5.1，P = 0.001）。 An 的平均密度。泽曼尼，安.法罗尼西亚和安。每个物种室外收集的 funestus (s.l.) 显着高于室内 (P < 0.05)。然而，平均安。室外阿拉伯虫密度与室内相似（11.8 vs 9.4/人/晚，IRR：1.3，95% CI：0.8–1.9，P = 0.335）。 An 每小时平均咬人密度。 arabiensis 在室外的数量比室内的数量多，并且在 21:00 至 22:00 之间达到高峰。然而，安.当当地人在室内并且可能受到 IRS 和 LLIN 的保护时，阿拉伯树繁殖种群在就寝时间（22:00 至 05:00）表现出较高的室内男子咬伤活动。所有经过 CSP 抗原检测的蚊子样本均呈疟疾寄生虫阴性。结果显示，户外发生的蚊子叮咬活动比室内和夜间早些时候发生的活动要多得多，这意味着该地区户外疟疾传播的可能性更高。然而，就寝时间较高（22:00 至 05:00）的室内咬人活动较多。 arabiensis 表明 IRS 和 LLIN 对室内疟疾传播具有潜在的干预作用。
Indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the key malaria vector control interventions in Ethiopia. The success of these interventions rely on their efficacy to repel or kill indoor feeding and resting mosquitoes. This study was undertaken to monitor human-biting patterns of Anopheles species in south-central Ethiopia. Human-biting patterns of anophelines were monitored for 40 nights in three houses using human landing catches (HLC) both indoors and outdoors between July and November 2014, in Edo Kontola village, south-central Ethiopia. This time coincides with the major malaria transmission season in Ethiopia, which is usually between September and November. Adult mosquitoes were collected from 19:00 to 06:00 h and identified to species. Comparisons of HLC data were done using incidence rate ratio (IRR) calculated by negative binomial regression. The nocturnal biting activities of each Anopheles species was expressed as mean number of mosquitoes landing per person per hour. To assess malaria infections in Anopheles mosquitoes the presence of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax circumsporozoite proteins (CSP) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Altogether 3,408 adult female anophelines were collected, 2,610 (76.6 %) outdoors and 798 (23.4 %) indoors. Anopheles zeimanni was the predominant species (66.5 %) followed by An. arabiensis (24.8 %), An. pharoensis (6.8 %) and An. funestus (s.l.) (1.8 %). The overall mean anopheline density was 3.3 times higher outdoors than indoors (65.3 vs 19.9/person/night, IRR: 3.3, 95 % CI: 1.1–5.1, P = 0.001). The mean density of An. zeimanni, An. pharoensis and An. funestus (s.l.) collected outdoors was significantly higher than indoors for each species (P < 0.05). However, the mean An. arabiensis density outdoors was similar to that indoors (11.8 vs 9.4/person/night, IRR: 1.3, 95 % CI: 0.8–1.9, P = 0.335). The mean hourly human-biting density of An. arabiensis was greater outdoors than indoors and peaked between 21:00 and 22:00 h. However, An. arabiensis parous population showed high indoor man biting activities during bedtimes (22:00 to 05:00 h) when the local people were indoor and potentially protected by IRS and LLINs. All mosquito samples tested for CSP antigen were found negative to malaria parasites. Results show much greater mosquito human-biting activities occurring outdoors than indoors and during early parts of the night, implying higher outdoor malaria transmission potential in the area. However, high bedtime (22:00 to 05:00 h) indoor biting activities of parous An. arabiensis suggest high potential intervention impact of IRS and LLINs on indoor malaria transmission.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Alemu, Abebe;Muluye, Dagnachew;Gebeyaw, Melkamu
通讯作者：
Gebeyaw, Melkamu
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Aregawi, Maru;Lynch, Michael;Coosemans, Marc
通讯作者：
Coosemans, Marc
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Massebo, Fekadu;Balkew, Meshesha;Lindtjorn, Bernt
通讯作者：
Lindtjorn, Bernt
疟疾发生率和昆虫学发现，该区域是针对集群随机对照试验的，以防止埃塞俄比亚的疟疾：一项试点研究的结果。
影响因子：
3
作者：
Gari T;Kenea O;Loha E;Deressa W;Hailu A;Balkew M;Gebre-Michael T;Robberstad B;Overgaard HJ;Lindtjørn B
通讯作者：
Lindtjørn B
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Kabbale, Fredrick G.;Akol, Anne M.;Onapa, Ambrose W.
通讯作者：
Onapa, Ambrose W.