Corruption, Accountability, and Gender: Do Female Politicians Face Higher Standards in Public Life?
Corruption, Accountability, and Gender: Do Female Politicians Face Higher Standards in Public Life?
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腐败、责任和性别：女性政治家在公共生活中面临更高的标准吗？
DOI：
10.1086/694649
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Markus Wagner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andrew C. Eggers;Nick Vivyan;Markus Wagner
此前的研究表明，女性政客在公共生活中面临更高的标准，部分原因可能是女性选民对女性政客的期望高于对男性政客的期望。这项研究的大部分是基于观察证据。我们通过在英国进行的一项新的调查实验来评估问责和性别之间的关系。在这项实验中，选民在假设的在职者(可能是男性或女性，腐败或非腐败)和另一位候选人之间进行选择。我们没有发现女性政客因行为不端而面临更大的惩罚。然而，政治家性别对惩罚的影响因选民性别而异，尤其是女性选民更有可能惩罚行为不端的女性政客。我们的发现对研究描述性代表性如何影响选举问责，以及为什么腐败倾向于与妇女代表性负相关的研究具有重要意义。
Previous research suggests that female politicians face higher standards in public life, perhaps in part because female voters expect more from female politicians than from male politicians. Most of this research is based on observational evidence. We assess the relationship between accountability and gender using a novel survey vignette experiment fielded in the United Kingdom in which voters choose between a hypothetical incumbent (who could be male or female, corrupt or noncorrupt) and another candidate. We do not find that female politicians face significantly greater punishment for misconduct. However, the effect of politician gender on punishment varies by voter gender, with female voters in particular more likely to punish female politicians for misconduct. Our findings have implications for research on how descriptive representation affects electoral accountability and on why corruption tends to correlate negatively with women’s representation.