Development of a 3D Brain PET Scanner Using CdTe Semiconductor Detectors and Its First Clinical Application
Development of a 3D Brain PET Scanner Using CdTe Semiconductor Detectors and Its First Clinical Application
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DOI：
10.1109/tns.2011.2146790
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Tamaki, N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morimoto, Y.;Ueno, Y.;Tamaki, N.
以提高空间分辨率为目标，利用CdTe半导体探测器和相互作用深度（DOI）信息开发了一种三维正电子发射断层扫描（PET）扫描仪，并对其物理性能进行了评估。这种PET扫描仪是第一个使用专用于人脑和头颈部区域的半导体探测器。评价了用于f -18氟脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）扫描幻象和人脑的扫描仪的成像性能。扫描仪的门架有一个直径35.0 cm的病人口，跨轴视野（FOV）为31.0 cm，轴向视野为24.6 cm。所有探测器通道的平均能量分辨率和时间分辨率分别为4.1%和6.8 ns（以FWHM为单位）。在视场中心测量的空间分辨率为2.3 mm fwhm，这是人体PET扫描仪所能达到的最佳分辨率之一。噪声等效计数比（NEC2R）在390 ~ 540 keV的能量窗内达到最大值，在3.7 kBq/cm(3)时为36 kcps/Bq/cm(3)。该系统根据NEMA 1994的灵敏度为25.9 cps/Bq/cm(3)。在390 ~ 540 keV的能量窗口，扫描仪的散射分数为37%，在450 ~ 540 keV的能量窗口，扫描仪的散射分数为23%。热棒幻影图像和脑葡萄糖代谢图像表明，半导体PET扫描仪获得的图像结构精度高于传统的氧化铋锗（BGO） PET扫描仪。此外，开发的扫描仪可以更好地描绘头颈癌。这些结果表明，半导体PET扫描仪将在即将到来的个性化医疗时代发挥重要作用。
Targeting improved spatial resolution, a three-dimensional positron-emission-tomography (PET) scanner employing CdTe semiconductor detectors and using depth-of-interaction (DOI) information was developed, and its physical performance was evaluated. This PET scanner is the first to use semiconductor detectors dedicated to the human brain and head-and-neck region. Imaging performance of the scanner used for F-18-fluorodeoxy glucose (FDG) scans of phantoms and human brains was evaluated. The gantry of the scanner has a 35.0-cm-diameter patient port, the trans-axial field of view (FOV) is 31.0 cm, and the axial FOV is 24.6 cm. The energy resolution averaged over all detector channels and timing resolution were 4.1% and 6.8 ns (each in FWHM), respectively. Spatial resolution measured at the center of FOV was 2.3-mm FWHM-which is one of the best resolutions achieved by human PET scanners. Noise-equivalent count ratio (NEC2R) has a maximum in the energy window of 390 to 540 keV and is 36 kcps/Bq/cm(3) at 3.7 kBq/cm(3). The sensitivity of the system according to NEMA 1994 was 25.9 cps/Bq/cm(3). Scatter fraction of the scanner is 37% for the energy window of 390 to 540 keV and 23% for 450 to 540 keV. Images of a hot-rod phantom and images of brain glucose metabolism show that the structural accuracy of the images obtained with the semiconductor PET scanner is higher than that possible with a conventional Bismuth Germanium Oxide (BGO) PET scanner. In addition, the developed scanner permits better delineation of the head-and-neck cancer. These results show that the semiconductor PET scanner will play a major role in the upcoming era of personalized medicine.