Food composition tables in resource-poor settings: exploring current limitations and opportunities, with a focus on animal-source foods in sub-Saharan Africa.
Food composition tables in resource-poor settings: exploring current limitations and opportunities, with a focus on animal-source foods in sub-Saharan Africa.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114516003706
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发表时间：
2016-11-28
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Alders, Robyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Bruyn, Julia;Ferguson, Elaine;Allman-Farinelli, Margaret;Darnton-Hill, Ian;Maulaga, Wende;Msuya, John;Alders, Robyn
动物源食品 (ASF) 通过提供优质蛋白质和生物可利用的微量营养素，有可能提高低收入和中等收入国家谷物饮食的营养充足性。制定将非洲猪瘟纳入当地饮食的指南需要了解现有资源的营养成分。本文回顾了撒哈拉以南非洲地区使用的食物成分表 (FCT)，检查了报告的 ASF 范围并探索了每个参考文献的数据源。研究表明，成分数据来源于少量现有数据集，这些数据集主要是在高收入国家（通常是几十年前）进行的分析。使用代表商业品种集约饲养动物产品的这些值作为资源贫乏环境中的参考存在局限性，在这些环境中，本土品种牲畜通常在低投入生产系统中、缺乏矿物质的土壤上饲养，并且不接受营养均衡的饲料。 FCT 的检查还显示，缺乏有关非洲猪瘟全谱的数据，包括内脏和野生食物，这些食物符合当地的食物偏好，代表了食物匮乏地区的宝贵饮食资源。以家禽产品为例，对来自三个高收入国家的成分数据进行了比较，并讨论了对公共卫生具有重要意义的微量营养素（包括铁、叶酸和维生素 A）的公布值差异的潜在影响。重要的是，那些致力于营养干预和为资源匮乏地区制定饮食建议的人应了解当前食物成分数据的局限性，并更积极地探索和支持改善现有资源的机会。
Animal-source foods (ASF) have the potential to enhance the nutritional adequacy of cereal-based diets in low- and middle-income countries, through the provision of high-quality protein and bioavailable micronutrients. The development of guidelines for including ASF in local diets requires an understanding of the nutrient content of available resources. This article reviews food composition tables (FCT) used in sub-Saharan Africa, examining the spectrum of ASF reported and exploring data sources for each reference. Compositional data are shown to be derived from a small number of existing data sets from analyses conducted largely in high-income nations, often many decades previously. There are limitations in using such values, which represent the products of intensively raised animals of commercial breeds, as a reference in resource-poor settings where indigenous breed livestock are commonly reared in low-input production systems, on mineral-deficient soils and not receiving nutritionally balanced feed. The FCT examined also revealed a lack of data on the full spectrum of ASF, including offal and wild foods, which correspond to local food preferences and represent valuable dietary resources in food-deficient settings. Using poultry products as an example, comparisons are made between compositional data from three high-income nations, and potential implications of differences in the published values for micronutrients of public health significance, including Fe, folate and vitamin A, are discussed. It is important that those working on nutritional interventions and on developing dietary recommendations for resource-poor settings understand the limitations of current food composition data and that opportunities to improve existing resources are more actively explored and supported.