Taking stock of cognition enhancers.
Taking stock of cognition enhancers.
复制标题
盘点认知增强剂。
DOI：
10.1016/0165-6147(91)90636-7
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
13.8
通讯作者：
Sarter,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sarter,M
主要神经精神药物治疗的原型化合物的功效几乎是无意中发现的。例如，在1951年Lahorit研究抗组胺药治疗外科休克时，发现了氯丙嗪的抗精神病疗效，并发现异丙肼可增强用这种药物治疗结核病的患者的情绪。然而，认知激活剂、认知增强剂、益智药或智力促进剂还没有从偶然的发现中出现。用于开发促智药物的策略已经尝试开发与被认为是认知能力和功能障碍（包括痴呆）的基础的各种神经元机制相互作用的药物。考虑到这些假设本身受到严格审查的事实，并且考虑到在动物模型、测试程序和临床山羊症状方面缺乏任何共识，因此，假定的认知增强剂的各种各样的作用的证明主导了临床前研究活动就不足为奇了。
The efficacy of prototype compounds of major classes of neuro-psychiatric drug treatments has heen discovered almost unintentionally. For example, the neuroleptic efficacy of chlorpromazine was discovemd while Lahorit was investigating antihistamines for the treatment of surgical shock in 1951, and iproniazid was found to enhance the mood of patients being treated with this drug for tuberculosis. However, cognition activators, cognition enhancers, nootropics or intelligence boosters have yet to emerge from serendipitous discovery. Strategies for ffnding nootropic drugs have attempted to develop drugs that interact with various neuronal mechanisms that are thought to underlie cognitive abilities and dysfunctions, including dementia. Given the fact that these hypotheses themselves are subject to intense scrutiny, and given the absence of any consensus with respect to animal models, testing procedures and clfnical goat symptoms, it comes as no surprise that the demonstration of a wide variety of effects of putative cognition enhancers has dominated preclinical research activities.