Genomic comparison of closely related Giant Viruses supports an accordion-like model of evolution.

Genomic comparison of closely related Giant Viruses supports an accordion-like model of evolution.
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DOI:
10.3389/fmicb.2015.00593
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Filée J
Filée J
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Filée J

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迄今为止,基因组巨人症发生在藻病毒科和迷你病毒科(大病毒目)。这些巨型病毒(gv)的起源和进化仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。有趣的是,一组密切相关的GV基因组的可用性使基因组比较能够更好地理解作用于这些基因组的不同进化力量。对迷你病毒科和藻纳病毒科5个病毒群的全基因组比对表明,它们没有基因组扩增的趋势,也没有基因组收缩的总体趋势。相反,GV基因组随着时间的推移积累了基因组突变,基因收益补偿了不同的损失。此外,每个谱系都显示出特定的基因组进化模式。微型病毒科(巨型病毒和微型病毒)和小球藻藻病毒主要是通过属于大型同源家族的基因的复制和丢失(包括各种移动遗传元件的移动)进化而来的,而小单胞菌和雌链球菌藻藻病毒的大部分遗传新颖性是通过横向基因转移获得的。综上所述,这些数据支持了一个类似手风琴的进化模型,在这个模型中,GV基因组经历了基因获得和基因丢失的连续步骤,证实了基因组巨人症出现得早的假设,在不同的GV谱系多样化之前。
Genome gigantism occurs so far in Phycodnaviridae and Mimiviridae (order Megavirales). Origin and evolution of these Giant Viruses (GVs) remain open questions. Interestingly, availability of a collection of closely related GV genomes enabling genomic comparisons offer the opportunity to better understand the different evolutionary forces acting on these genomes. Whole genome alignment for five groups of viruses belonging to the Mimiviridae and Phycodnaviridae families show that there is no trend of genome expansion or general tendency of genome contraction. Instead, GV genomes accumulated genomic mutations over the time with gene gains compensating the different losses. In addition, each lineage displays specific patterns of genome evolution. Mimiviridae (megaviruses and mimiviruses) and Chlorella Phycodnaviruses evolved mainly by duplications and losses of genes belonging to large paralogous families (including movements of diverse mobiles genetic elements), whereas Micromonas and Ostreococcus Phycodnaviruses derive most of their genetic novelties thought lateral gene transfers. Taken together, these data support an accordion-like model of evolution in which GV genomes have undergone successive steps of gene gain and gene loss, accrediting the hypothesis that genome gigantism appears early, before the diversification of the different GV lineages.
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