Disruption of a host-parasite system following the introduction of an exotic host species
Disruption of a host-parasite system following the introduction of an exotic host species
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DOI：
10.1017/s0031182005007250
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Birtles, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Telfer, S;Bown, KJ;Birtles, R
生物入侵威胁当地生态系统的潜力已得到充分认识。在这里，我们描述了如何引进的物种影响本地主机寄生虫动态作为替代主机。通过在爱尔兰的入侵前线的采样点，我们量化的影响，引进银行田鼠（Clethrionomys glareolus）的跳蚤传播的血液寄生虫属巴尔通体在本地的木鼠（Apodemus sylvaticus）的感染流行病学。巴尔通体感染在前线的两侧都被检测到，但只发生在木鼠中，尽管在欧洲其他地方的两种啮齿动物中都非常普遍。然而，银行田鼠的引进，影响了木鼠巴尔通体的相互作用，与巴尔通体birtlesii和巴尔通体taylorii的感染率下降显着增加银行田鼠密度。虽然跳蚤流行的木鼠与木鼠密度在没有银行田鼠的地区增加，没有这种关系被发现在入侵地区。这一结果与稀释效应假说相一致。这预示着，对于媒介传播的寄生虫，能力较低的宿主物种的存在可能会降低主要宿主的感染率。此外，我们还发现B. birtlesii和B. taylorii流行，表明这两种微寄生虫可能在宿主内竞争。
The potential of biological invasions to threaten native ecosystems is well recognized. Here we describe how an introduced species impacts on native host-parasite dynamics by acting as an alternative host. By sampling sites across an invasion front in Ireland, we quantified the influence of the introduced bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) on the epidemiology of infections caused by flea-transmitted haemoparasites of the genus Bartonella in native wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus). Bartonella infections were detected on either side of the front but occurred exclusively in wood mice, despite being highly prevalent in both rodent species elsewhere in Europe. Bank vole introduction has, however, affected the wood mouse-Bartonella interaction, with the infection prevalence of both Bartonella birtlesii and Bartonella taylorii declining significantly with increasing bank vole density. Whilst flea prevalence in wood mice increases with wood mouse density in areas without bank voles, no such relationship is detected in invaded areas. The results are consistent with the dilution effect hypothesis. This predicts that for vector-transmitted parasites, the presence of less competent host species may reduce infection prevalence in the principal host. In addition we found a negative relationship between B. birtlesii and B. taylorii prevalences, indicating that these two microparasites may compete within hosts.