CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum
CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum
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DOI：
10.1029/2022sw003215
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发表时间：
2022-09
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通讯作者：
E. Palmerio;Christina O. Lee;Ian G. Richardson;T. Nieves-chinchilla;Luiz F. G. Dos Santos;J. Gruesbeck;Nariaki V. Nitta;M. L. Mays;J. Halekas;C. Zeitlin;Shaosui Xu;M. Holmström;Y. Futaana;T. Mulligan;B. Lynch;J. Luhmann
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作者：
E. Palmerio;Christina O. Lee;Ian G. Richardson;T. Nieves-chinchilla;Luiz F. G. Dos Santos;J. Gruesbeck;Nariaki V. Nitta;M. L. Mays;J. Halekas;C. Zeitlin;Shaosui Xu;M. Holmström;Y. Futaana;T. Mulligan;B. Lynch;J. Luhmann
太阳的活动在太阳活动极小期和太阳活动极大期之间交替，前者对应于日光层的“安静”状态。在太阳活动极小期，原则上可以更直接地追踪爆发事件和太阳风结构，从它们在太阳诞生到它们的整个行星际旅程。在本文中，我们报告了对2018年8月下旬发生的一系列太阳瞬变事件的起源，演变和日光层影响的分析，即在太阳周期24的后期下降阶段中。特别是，我们专注于两个连续的日冕物质抛射（CME）和一个随后的高速流（HSS），它们朝着地球和火星的方向前进。我们发现，第一次CME影响了两颗行星，而第二次在地球上造成了强烈的磁暴，并继续错过火星，但火星却经历了HSS之前的流相互作用区域的空间天气影响。由日光层模型支持的遥感和现场数据分析表明，CME-HSS相互作用导致第二次CME在行星际空间中旋转和偏转，强调即使在“简单”的太阳极小期，准确再现环境太阳风也是至关重要的。最后，我们讨论了上游太阳风的条件和瞬态结构负责驱动空间天气在地球和火星的影响。
The activity of the Sun alternates between a solar minimum and a solar maximum, the former corresponding to a period of “quieter” status of the heliosphere. During solar minimum, it is in principle more straightforward to follow eruptive events and solar wind structures from their birth at the Sun throughout their interplanetary journey. In this paper, we report analysis of the origin, evolution, and heliospheric impact of a series of solar transient events that took place during the second half of August 2018, that is, in the midst of the late declining phase of Solar Cycle 24. In particular, we focus on two successive coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and a following high‐speed stream (HSS) on their way toward Earth and Mars. We find that the first CME impacted both planets, whilst the second caused a strong magnetic storm at Earth and went on to miss Mars, which nevertheless experienced space weather effects from the stream interacting region preceding the HSS. Analysis of remote‐sensing and in‐situ data supported by heliospheric modeling suggests that CME–HSS interaction resulted in the second CME rotating and deflecting in interplanetary space, highlighting that accurately reproducing the ambient solar wind is crucial even during “simpler” solar minimum periods. Lastly, we discuss the upstream solar wind conditions and transient structures responsible for driving space weather effects at Earth and Mars.