Neuroanatomical characteristics of youths with prenatal opioid and poly-drug exposure
Neuroanatomical characteristics of youths with prenatal opioid and poly-drug exposure
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ntt.2018.04.004
复制
发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Walhovd, Kristine B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nygaard, Egil;Slinning, Kari;Walhovd, Kristine B.
神经解剖学和认知差异已被记录在儿童期与产前阿片类药物和多种药物暴露和控制的小样本之间。我们调查了这些差异是否在更大的样本中持续存在。定量MRI和认知数据进行了比较，38名青年的风险组和44名青年的非暴露组（年龄17至22岁），谁已经前瞻性地跟踪自出生以来。大多数接触毒品的青少年（84%）在一岁之前搬到永久寄养或收养家庭。与对照组相比，药物暴露组显示出较小的神经解剖体积（总脑体积差异为0.70 SD，p = 0.001）、较小的皮质表面积和较薄的皮质。出生体重解释了组间差异的部分原因。神经解剖学特征部分介导认知功能的群体差异。本研究不能区分因果因素，但表明与产前阿片类药物或多种药物暴露相关的持续神经认知差异。
Neuroanatomical and cognitive differences have been documented during childhood between children with prenatal opioid- and poly-drug exposure and controls in small samples. We investigated whether these differences persisted in larger samples of youth at older ages. Quantitative MRI and cognitive data were compared between 38 youths in the risk group and 44 youths in the non-exposed group (aged 17 to 22 years) who had been followed prospectively since birth. Most drug-exposed youths (84%) moved to permanent foster or adoptive homes before one year of age. The drug-exposed group displayed smaller neuroanatomical volumes (0.70 SD difference in total brain volume, p = 0.001), smaller cortical surface areas and thinner cortices than the comparison group. The birth weight accounted for some of the intergroup differences. Neuroanatomical characteristics partially mediated group differences in cognitive function. The present study cannot differentiate between causal factors but indicates persistent neurocognitive differences associated with prenatal opioid or poly-drug exposure.