A climatological study of surface freezing precipitation in Europe
A climatological study of surface freezing precipitation in Europe
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s1350482700001560
复制
发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Robart, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carrière, JM;Lainard, C;Robart, F
本文对地面冰冻降水的发生进行了气候学研究。它基于覆盖1995-1998年的三个冬季的SYNOP信息中关于冰冻降水的报告。覆盖的地理区域是西欧和中欧，向北延伸到斯堪的纳维亚半岛，向南延伸到北非。选择的冰冻降水类型有冻雨、冰雨和冰球。计算了每种类型的冰冻降水的出现频率。结果表明，冰冻降水在欧洲并不罕见，各种类型的冰冻降水(毛毛雨、雨或冰球)的组合频率占所有SYNOP报文(包括对中欧当前天气的观测)的0.5%至1%。研究了与冰冻降水有关的地面气温区间。随后，ART试图通过研究与冰冻降水事件有关的热力学探测来确定冰冻降水的形成方式(通过正温度层中雪晶的融化，或通过合并或扩散生长过程)。
A climatological study of the occurrence of freezing precipitation at ground level is presented. It is based on reports of freezing precipitation in SYNOP messages from the three winters covering the years 1995-1998. The geographical domain covered is Western and Central Europe, extending northwards to Scandinavia and southwards to North Africa. The types of freezing precipitation selected are freezing rain, freezing drizzle and ice pellets. The frequency of occurrence of each of these types of freezing precipitation was computed The results show that freezing precipitation is not an uncommon phenomenon in Europe, with the combined frequency of the various types of freezing precipitation (either drizzle, rain or ice pellets) being 0.5 to 1% of all SYNOP messages that include an observation of the current weather in Central Europe. The surface air temperature intervals associated with freezing precipitation have been studied. Art attempt was then made to determine the mode of formation of freezing precipitation (either by melting of snow crystals in a layer of positive temperatures or by process of coalescence or diffusional growth ) by studying the thermodynamic soundings associated with freezing precipitation events.