The Epigenetic Effects of Prenatal Cadmium Exposure.
The Epigenetic Effects of Prenatal Cadmium Exposure.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s40572-015-0049-9
复制
发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Broberg, Karin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vilahur, Nadia;Vahter, Marie;Broberg, Karin
产前接触剧毒和常见污染物镉会对儿童健康和发育产生不利影响。然而，镉毒性的潜在生物学机制仍有部分未解。由于表观遗传特征对环境刺激有反应，胎儿在胚胎发育过程中经历了剧烈的表观基因组重排，早期镉暴露引起的表观遗传学中断已经引起了人们的关注。在目前的综述中，我们提供了关于产前镉暴露和人类、动物和体外研究中的表观遗传学影响的文献的关键检查。我们进行了一次PubMed搜索，获得了八项关于这个主题的最新研究，几乎完全集中在DNA甲基化上。这些研究提供了镉改变胎盘和新生儿DNA表观遗传特征的证据，一些研究表明与镉相关的DNA甲基化变化存在显著的性别差异。早期镉暴露和DNA甲基化之间的关系可能反映了对从头DNA甲基转移酶的干扰。需要更多的研究，特别是那些与环境有关的剂量，以确认产前接触镉的毒理表观效应，以及这与观察到的儿童和以后生活中镉的健康影响之间的关系。
Prenatal exposure to the highly toxic and common pollutant cadmium has been associated with adverse effects on child health and development. However, the underlying biological mechanisms of cadmium toxicity remain partially unsolved. Epigenetic disruption due to early cadmium exposure has gained attention as a plausible mode of action, since epigenetic signatures respond to environmental stimuli and the fetus undergoes drastic epigenomic rearrangements during embryogenesis. In the current review, we provide a critical examination of the literature addressing prenatal cadmium exposure and epigenetic effects in human, animal, and in vitro studies. We conducted a PubMed search and obtained eight recent studies addressing this topic, focusing almost exclusively on DNA methylation. These studies provide evidence that cadmium alters epigenetic signatures in the DNA of the placenta and of the newborns, and some studies indicated marked sexual differences for cadmium-related DNA methylation changes. Associations between early cadmium exposure and DNA methylation might reflect interference with de novo DNA methyltransferases. More studies, especially those including environmentally relevant doses, are needed to confirm the toxicoepigenomic effects of prenatal cadmium exposure and how that relates to the observed health effects of cadmium in childhood and later life.