Effect of some Probiotic Bacteria as Biocontrol Agents of Meloidogyne incognita and Evaluation of Biochemical Changes of Plant Defense Enzymes on Two Cultivars of Pistachio
Effect of some Probiotic Bacteria as Biocontrol Agents of Meloidogyne incognita and Evaluation of Biochemical Changes of Plant Defense Enzymes on Two Cultivars of Pistachio
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
A. Zeynadini-Riseh;E. Mahdikhani‐Moghadam;H. Rouhani;M. Moradi;R. Saberi-riseh;A. Mohammadi
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作者：
A. Zeynadini-Riseh;E. Mahdikhani‐Moghadam;H. Rouhani;M. Moradi;R. Saberi-riseh;A. Mohammadi
根结线虫是阿月浑子最重要的经济病原。以阿月浑子品种萨拉赫斯和巴达米为试材，研究了荧光假单胞菌VUPF5、VUPF52、蜡状芽孢杆菌PRC 95和枯草芽孢杆菌PRC 96对南方根结线虫的生防效果。研究了这些菌株对阿月浑子防御相关酶活性的影响。用细菌菌株处理两个品种的阿月浑子幼苗，然后在两天后用2000个线虫二期幼虫接种。测定了线虫感染后2、4、7、10天过氧化物酶（POX）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）和总酚含量（TPC）的变化。结果表明，两品种的过氧化物酶（POX）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性均有所提高。处理过的幼苗中POX活性的最显著结果属于假单胞菌菌株VUPF 5，对于萨拉赫斯在7 DAI，对于Badami在10 DAI。然而，该菌株在Badami和萨拉赫斯分别在2和4 DAI时显示PAL活性增加。假单胞菌菌株VUPF52处理的幼苗在10 DAI的PPO活性最高的品种。TPC浓度稍高，在4 DAI时，在用VUPF 5处理的萨拉赫斯幼苗中增加了8.4%，但在Badami品种中与对照相比没有显著增加。在另一个实验中，线虫接种后4个月的两个品种处理的细菌菌株的幼苗，虫瘿，卵块，和第二个少年的数量相比，未处理的幼苗减少。
Root-knot nematodes are the most economically important plant pathogens in pistachio. The ability of Pseudomonas fluorescens strains VUPF5, VUPF52, Bacillus cereus strain PRC95 and Bacillus subtilis strain PRC96 were tested as biocontrol agents for Meloidogyne incognita on the pistachio cultivars Sarakhs and Badami. The effect of these bacterial strains on defenserelated enzymes activity in pistachio was also investigated. Pistachio seedlings of both cultivars were treated with bacterial strains and then were inoculated with 2000 second-stage juveniles of nematode after two days. Evaluations were made for changes of Peroxidase (POX), PolyPhenolOxidase (PPO), Phenylalanine Ammonia lyase (PAL) and Total Phenolic Content (TPC) determined at 2, 4, 7, and 10 Days After nematode Inoculation (DAI). Results showed improved activity of POX, PAL and PPO in both cultivars. The most significant result for POX activity in the treated seedlings belonged to Pseudomonas strain VUPF5 at 7 DAI for Sarakhs and 10 DAI for Badami. However, this strain displayed an increase in PAL activity at 2 and 4 DAI in Badami and Sarakhs, respectively. Seedlings treated by the Pseudomonas strain VUPF52 at 10 DAI had the highest PPO activity among cultivars. TPC concentration was slightly higher, by 8.4% at 4 DAI, in Sarakhs seedlings treated with VUPF5, but no significant increase could be seen in the Badami cultivar compared with the control. In another experiment, 4 months after nematode inoculation in seedlings of both cultivars treated by bacterial strains, numbers of galls, egg masses, and second juveniles decreased compared with the non-treated seedlings.