Neutrophil Extracellular Traps of Cynoglossus semilaevis: Production Characteristics and Antibacterial Effect.
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps of Cynoglossus semilaevis: Production Characteristics and Antibacterial Effect.
复制标题
半滑舌鱼中性粒细胞胞外陷阱的生产特性及抗菌作用
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2017.00290
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Sun L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao ML;Chi H;Sun L
中性粒细胞胞外陷阱（NETs）是由中性粒细胞释放的结构，作为对抗微生物入侵的细胞免疫防御。NET产生的过程，netosis（NETosis），可以通过自杀机制发生，在此期间NET释放细胞死亡，或者通过“活”机制发生，在此期间NET释放细胞保持活力。近年来，NETosis在哺乳动物中得到了广泛的研究，但对鱼类的NETosis知之甚少。本研究对具有重要经济价值的硬骨鱼类--半滑舌鳎（Cynoglossus semilaevis）的NETosis进行了研究。我们发现，佛波醇12-肉豆蔻酸酯13-乙酸酯（PMA）和三种常见的鱼类细菌病原体刺激后，最有可能处于活状态的中性粒细胞释放了丰富的NET结构。释放的NET捕获，但没有杀死，细菌病原体;然而，细胞外，但不是细胞内，病原体的复制被NET抑制到显着的程度。在NETosing中性粒细胞中观察到活性氧（ROS）、一氧化氮（NO）和髓过氧化物酶（MPO）的产生增强，并且通过抑制剂阻断这些因子的产生显著降低PMA和所有三种细菌诱导的NETs产生。综上所述，这些结果首次表明，在硬骨鱼中存在NETosis的非细胞死亡途径，该途径以ROS，NO和MPO依赖的方式产生具有抗菌作用的NET。
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are structures released by neutrophils as a cellular immune defense against microbial invasion. The process of NETs generation, netosis (NETosis), can take place via either a suicidal mechanism, during which the NETs-releasing cells became dead, or a “live” mechanism, during which the NETs-releasing cells remain vital. NETosis has been studied intensively in mammals in recent years, but very little is known about the NETosis in fish. In this study, we examined NETosis in tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis), a species of teleost with important economic values. We found that following stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and three common fish bacterial pathogens, abundant NETs structures were released by neutrophils that were most likely in a live state. The released NETs captured, but did not kill, the bacterial pathogens; however, the replication of extracellular, but not intracellular, pathogens was inhibited by NETs to significant extents. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) production were observed to be enhanced in NETosing neutrophils, and blocking the production of these factors by inhibitors significantly decreased NETs production induced by PMA and all three bacteria. Taken together, these results indicate for the first time that in teleost there exists a non-cell death pathway of NETosis that produces NETs with antibacterial effects in a ROS-, NO-, and MPO-dependent manner.