Exploring Design and Governance Challenges in the Development of Privacy-Preserving Computation
Exploring Design and Governance Challenges in the Development of Privacy-Preserving Computation
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DOI：
10.1145/3411764.3445677
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Nitin Agrawal;Reuben Binns;M. V. Kleek;Kim Laine;N. Shadbolt
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作者：
Nitin Agrawal;Reuben Binns;M. V. Kleek;Kim Laine;N. Shadbolt
同态加密、安全多方计算和差分隐私是新兴的隐私增强技术的一部分，它们有一个共同的承诺：在保护隐私的同时获得计算分析的好处。由于其相对的新颖性、复杂性和不透明性，这些技术引发了设计和治理方面的各种新问题。我们采访了参与部署的研究人员、开发人员、行业领导者、政策制定者和设计师，以探索采用的动机、期望、感知到的机会和障碍。这为采用这些技术所面临的几个相关挑战提供了见解，包括：它们如何使隐私这样一个模糊的概念在计算上易于处理；如何使它们更容易被开发人员使用；以及如何对利益相关者和更广泛的社会进行解释和问责。最后，我们对这些保护隐私的计算技术的开发、部署和负责任的治理提出了建议。
Homomorphic encryption, secure multi-party computation, and differential privacy are part of an emerging class of Privacy Enhancing Technologies which share a common promise: to preserve privacy whilst also obtaining the benefits of computational analysis. Due to their relative novelty, complexity, and opacity, these technologies provoke a variety of novel questions for design and governance. We interviewed researchers, developers, industry leaders, policymakers, and designers involved in their deployment to explore motivations, expectations, perceived opportunities and barriers to adoption. This provided insight into several pertinent challenges facing the adoption of these technologies, including: how they might make a nebulous concept like privacy computationally tractable; how to make them more usable by developers; and how they could be explained and made accountable to stakeholders and wider society. We conclude with implications for the development, deployment, and responsible governance of these privacy-preserving computation techniques.