The promise of long-term effectiveness of school-based smoking prevention programs: a critical review of reviews.
The promise of long-term effectiveness of school-based smoking prevention programs: a critical review of reviews.
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DOI：
10.1186/1617-9625-5-7
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发表时间：
2009-03-26
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Flay BR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flay BR
我提供了一个审查和批评的荟萃分析和系统的评价，以学校为基础的吸烟预防计划，重点是长期的影响。其中一些评论的结论是，以学校为基础的吸烟预防计划的影响很小，没有证据表明它们有显着的长期影响。我发现这些评论都有方法上的问题，限制了他们的结论。这些包括严重限制的研究，包括由于性能偏见，学生流失，不报告ICC，不适当的分类干预方法，并列入程序，没有短期效果。更具包容性的荟萃分析表明，以学校为基础的吸烟预防计划可以在短期和长期内产生重大的实际影响。研究结果表明，以学校为基础的吸烟预防计划可以有显着的长期效果，如果他们：1）是互动的社会影响或社会技能计划; 2）涉及15个或更多的会议，包括一些至少九年级; 3）产生实质性的短期效果。如果干预被停止或撤回，效果确实会随着时间的推移而衰减，但这对任何类型的干预都是如此。
I provide a review and critique of meta-analyses and systematic reviews of school-based smoking prevention programs that focus on long-term effects. Several of these reviews conclude that the effects of school-based smoking prevention programs are small and find no evidence that they have significant long-term effects. I find that these reviews all have methodological problems limiting their conclusions. These include severe limiting of the studies included because of performance bias, student attrition, non-reporting of ICCs, inappropriate classification of intervention approach, and inclusion of programs that had no short-term effects. The more-inclusive meta-analyses suggest that school-based smoking prevention programs can have significant and practical effects in both the short- and the long-term. Findings suggest that school-based smoking prevention programs can have significant long-term effects if they: 1) are interactive social influences or social skills programs; that 2) involve 15 or more sessions, including some up to at least ninth grade; that 3) produce substantial short-term effects. The effects do decay over time if the interventions are stopped or withdrawn, but this is true of any kind of intervention.