TEMPS-A: validation of a short version of a self-rated instrument designed to measure variations in temperament
TEMPS-A: validation of a short version of a self-rated instrument designed to measure variations in temperament
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2003.10.012
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Smith, TL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Akiskal, HS;Mendlowicz, MV;Smith, TL
目的：验证孟菲斯、比萨、巴黎和圣地亚哥气质评估-自动问卷版本（TEMPS-A）的简短英语版本，这是一种旨在测量精神病患者和健康志愿者气质变化的自我报告问卷。它的组成分量表和项目是根据情感气质（循环性心境障碍、心境恶劣、易怒、情绪激动和焦虑）的诊断标准制定的，最初是由第一作者和他以前的合作者开发的。在稍后阶段，通过结合临床医生、研究人员和研究志愿者反馈的迭代过程，实现了进一步的项目措辞和选择。方法：共510名志愿者（284名心境障碍患者，131名双相先证者亲属和95名正常对照者）通过报纸广告，广播和电视公告，传单和时事通讯以及口碑招募。所有参与者都使用DSM-III-R的结构化临床访谈进行了访谈，并完成了110项TEMPS-A和气质和性格量表（TCI-125）。然后确定TEMPS-A的因子结构、a系数和项目-总相关系数以及TCI和TEMPS-A分量表维度之间的相关系数。结果如下：主成分分析与方差最大旋转发现，39个的110个原始项目的TEMPS-A加载的5个因素，被解释为代表循环性，抑郁，易怒，情绪激动，焦虑因素。内部一致性系数a分别为0.91（循环情感）、0.81（抑郁）、0.77（易怒）、0.76（情感亢进）和0.67（焦虑）分量表。我们发现，所有的统计显着的正相关，但情绪激动的分量表和避免伤害。正相关与情绪亢奋和循环，新奇寻求和负相关与其余分量表也记录。其他主要研究结果包括：情绪高涨与奖赏依赖、持久性、自我导向性呈正相关;自我超越与循环型、情绪高涨、焦虑呈正相关;抑郁、循环型、易怒、焦虑与合作性呈负相关。限制：由于TEMPS-A的四个量表在编制完成后又增加了焦虑气质的全量表，因此只对345名被试进行了评定。结论：这些数据表明，TEMPS-A在其缩短版本是一个心理测量学有效的规模具有良好的内部一致性。建议的五个分量表结构维持不变。对TCI的并发有效性。最重要的是，对于每一种气质，我们都能够显示出积极的属性，这些属性在进化的背景下是有意义的，沿着的是使一个人容易受到情绪变化的影响的特征。我们的数据支持这种假设的气质的双重性质，这是一个理想的特征，为一个假定的行为内表型在寡基因遗传模型的双相情感障碍。由爱思唯尔公司出版
Objective: To validate a short English-language version of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A), a self-report questionnaire designed to measure temperamental variations in psychiatric patients and healthy volunteers. Its constituent subscales and items were formulated on the basis of the diagnostic criteria for affective temperaments (cyclothyruic, dysthymic, irritable, hyperthymic, and anxious), originally developed by the first author and his former collaborators. Further item wording and selection were achieved at a later stage through an iterative process that incorporated feedback from clinicians, researchers, and research volunteers. Method: A total of 510 Volunteers (284 patients with mood disorders, 131 relatives of bipolar probands, and 95 normal controls) were recruited by advertisement in the newspapers, announcements on radio and television, flyers and newsletters, and word Of mouth. All participants were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, and completed the 110-item TEMPS-A and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-125). The factorial structure, the a coefficients, and the item-total correlations coefficients of the TEMPS-A and the correlation coefficients between the dimensions of the TCI and the TEMPS-A subscales were then determined. Results: A principal components analysis with a Varimax rotation found that 39 out of the 110 original items of the TEMPS-A loaded on five factors that were interpreted as representing the cyclothymic, depressive, irritable, hyperthymic, and anxious factors. Coefficients a for internal consistency were 0.91 (cyclothymic), 0.81 (depressive), 0.77 (irritable), 0.76 (hyperthymic), and 0.67 (anxious) subscales. We found statistically significant positive correlations between all-but the hyperthymic-subscales and harm avoidance. Positive correlations with the hyperthymic and cyclothymic, and novelty seeking and negative correlations with the remaining subscales were also recorded. Other major findings included positive correlations between the hyperthymic and reward dependence, persistence and self-directedness; positive correlation between the self-transcendence and the cyclothymic, hyperthymic and the anxious; and negative correlations between the depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, anxious and cooperativeness. Limitation: As the full-scale anxious temperament was added after the four scales of the TEMPS-A were developed, it has only been evaluated in 345 subjects. Conclusions: These data indicate that the TEMPS-A in its shortened version is a psychometrically valid scale with good internal consistency. The proposed five subscale structure is upheld. Concurrent validity against the TCI is shown. Most importantly, for each of the temperaments, we were able to show positive attributes which are meaningful in an evolutionary context, along with traits which make a person vulnerable to mood shifts. This hypothesized dual nature of temperament, which is upheld by our data, is a desirable characteristic for a putative behavioral endophenotype in an oligogenic model of inheritance for bipolar disorder. Published by Elsevier B.V.