The ultrastructure of the developing replication site in foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected BHK-38 cells
The ultrastructure of the developing replication site in foot-and-mouth disease virus-infected BHK-38 cells
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DOI：
10.1099/vir.0.19408-0
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Wileman, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monaghan, P;Cook, H;Wileman, T
口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）是小核糖核酸病毒科口疮病毒属的模式种。小核糖核酸病毒感染导致宿主细胞膜发生重大重排，形成病毒基因组复制发生的囊泡结构。在本报告中，使用荧光和电子显微镜，记录了 FMDV 感染的 BHK-38 细胞细胞质中的膜重排。感染后1-5-2.0小时，游离核糖体、破碎的粗面内质网、高尔基体和光滑膜结合囊泡积聚在细胞核的一侧。新合成的病毒 RNA 定位于细胞的这个区域。口蹄疫病毒感染细胞中观察到的变化将该病毒与小核糖核酸病毒科的其他成员（例如脊髓灰质炎病毒）区分开来。首先，此前尚未在其他小核糖核酸病毒中观察到细胞器向细胞一侧塌陷。其次，FMDV 诱导的膜囊泡与其他小核糖核酸病毒（如脊髓灰质炎病毒和埃可病毒 11）诱导的膜囊泡不同，因为它们的数量相对较少，并且不会聚集成密集的簇。此外，FMDV 感染细胞中具有双层膜的囊泡比例显着降低。这些差异并不是由于本研究中使用 BHK-38 细胞造成的，因为这些细胞被另一种小核糖核酸病毒、牛肠道病毒（脊髓灰质炎病毒的近亲）感染，导致了与报道的脊髓灰质炎病毒感染细胞相似的形态变化。常规固定时，看不到 FMDV 颗粒；然而，在高压冷冻和冷冻替代后，发现了许多病毒样颗粒簇。
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is the type species of the Aphthovirus genus of the Picornaviridae. Infection by picornaviruses results in a major rearrangement of the host cell membranes to create vesicular structures where virus genome replication takes place. In this report, using fluorescence and electron microscopy, membrane rearrangements in the cytoplasm of FMDV-infected BHK-38 cells are documented. At 1-5-2.0 h post-infection, free ribosomes, fragmented rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi and smooth membrane-bound vesicles accumulated on one side of the nucleus. Newly synthesized viral RNA was localized to this region of the cell. The changes seen in FMDV-infected cells distinguish this virus from other members of the Picornaviridae, such as poliovirus. Firstly, the collapse of cellular organelles to one side of the cell has not previously been observed for other picornaviruses. Secondly, the membrane vesicles, induced by FMDV, appear distinct from those induced by other picornaviruses such as poliovirus and echovirus 11 since they are relatively few in number and do not aggregate into densely packed clusters. Additionally, the proportion of vesicles with double membranes is considerably lower in FMDV-infected cells. These differences did not result from the use of BHK-38 cells in this study, as infection of these cells by another picornavirus, bovine enterovirus (a close relative of poliovirus), resulted in morphological changes similar to those reported for poliovirus-infected cells. With conventional fixation, FMDV particles were not seen; however, following high-pressure freezing and freeze-substitution, many clusters of virus-like particles were seen.