Social rank strategies in hierarchical relationships
Social rank strategies in hierarchical relationships
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.83.2.425
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发表时间：
2002-08-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Zuroff, DC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fournier, MA;Moskowitz, DS;Zuroff, DC
社会等级理论家提出，威胁评估会引发对下属的升级行为和对上级的降级行为。这些假设进行了检查，从90个人的工作环境中生态采样的行为记录。在事件层面，情境威胁评估（感觉受到批评）预测了不同状态下的不同行为。当被下属批评时，个人倾向于争吵，当被上级批评时，个人倾向于屈服。在人的层面上，综合等级评估（自卑感）预测了不同地位情况下的不同行为。那些通常感觉更自卑的人往往更频繁地与下属争吵，更频繁地与上级屈服。研究结果表明，自卑和威胁是社会等级制度行为的基本维度。
Social rank theorists propose that threat appraisals evoke escalation behavior toward subordinates and de-escalation behavior toward superiors. These hypotheses were examined among records of behavior sampled ecologically from the work environments of 90 individuals. At the level of the event, situated threat appraisals (feeling criticized) predicted different kinds of behavior across status situations. Individuals tended to quarrel when criticized by subordinates and to submit when criticized by superiors. At the level of the person, aggregated rank appraisals (feeling inferior) predicted different kinds of behavior across status situations. Individuals who typically felt more inferior tended to quarrel more frequently with subordinates and to submit more frequently with superiors. Findings implicated inferiority and threat as fundamental dimensions underlying the behavior of the social rank system.