Opposite environmental and genetic influences on body size in North American Drosophila pseudoobscura.
Opposite environmental and genetic influences on body size in North American Drosophila pseudoobscura.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12862-015-0323-3
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发表时间：
2015-03-21
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Wedell N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taylor ML;Skeats A;Wilson AJ;Price TA;Wedell N
一个物种的种群往往在关键性状上有所不同。然而，很少有人知道这些差异是否与种群之间的遗传变异和进化差异有关，或者仅仅是种群对环境差异的塑性反应。在这里，我们研究的可塑性和直接遗传控制的相互作用，通过调查的温度-大小的关系，在种群的果蝇pseudobscura从北美。我们使用了来自三个种群的27个等值线，并将它们暴露于四种温度制度（16°C，20°C，23°C，26°C），以检查环境，遗传和基因型环境来源的翅膀大小的变化。到目前为止，对翅膀大小变化的最大贡献来自饲养温度，最大的苍蝇出现在最冷的温度下。然而，我们也发现了一个与这种模式相反的基因特征，因为在相同的实验室条件下饲养时，来自北方、较冷种群的果蝇始终比来自更南部、较温暖种群的同种果蝇小。我们的结论是，当地的身体大小的选择似乎是反环境温度的影响。我们发现没有证据表明表型可塑性的局部适应可以解释这一结果，并建议间接选择与身体大小密切相关的性状，或染色体倒位的模式可能会驱动这种关系。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12862-015-0323-3）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Populations of a species often differ in key traits. However, it is rarely known whether these differences are associated with genetic variation and evolved differences between populations, or are instead simply a plastic response to environmental differences experienced by the populations. Here we examine the interplay of plasticity and direct genetic control by investigating temperature-size relationships in populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura from North America. We used 27 isolines from three populations and exposed them to four temperature regimes (16°C, 20°C, 23°C, 26°C) to examine environmental, genetic and genotype-by-environment sources of variance in wing size. By far the largest contribution to variation in wing size came from rearing temperature, with the largest flies emerging from the coolest temperatures. However, we also found a genetic signature that was counter to this pattern as flies originating from the northern, cooler population were consistently smaller than conspecifics from more southern, warmer populations when reared under the same laboratory conditions. We conclude that local selection on body size appears to be acting counter to the environmental effect of temperature. We find no evidence that local adaptation in phenotypic plasticity can explain this result, and suggest indirect selection on traits closely linked with body size, or patterns of chromosome inversion may instead be driving this relationship. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0323-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
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