Exposure Classification and Temporal Variability in Urinary Bisphenol A Concentrations among Couples in Utah--The HOPE Study.
Exposure Classification and Temporal Variability in Urinary Bisphenol A Concentrations among Couples in Utah--The HOPE Study.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.1509752
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Stanford JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cox KJ;Porucznik CA;Anderson DJ;Brozek EM;Szczotka KM;Bailey NM;Wilkins DG;Stanford JB
双酚A（BPA）是一种内分泌干扰物和潜在的生殖毒物，但流行病学研究的结果好坏参半，并因暴露评估不足而受到批评，这种评估往往依赖于单一的测量。我们的目标是描述连续尿液样本中BPA浓度的分布，评估时间变异性，并提供随机选择的样本用于预测平均暴露时的暴露分类估计。从2012年开始，我们收集并分析了来自83对犹他州夫妇的2,614份尿液标本。女性参与者在一到两个月经周期期间每天收集第一次晨尿样本，男性伴侣在每个周期的女性生育窗口期间收集样本。我们测量了尿BPA浓度，并计算了每个周期的几何平均值（GM），使用组内相关系数表征了观察值的分布和时间变异性，并进行了替代类别分析，以确定重复样本如何对暴露进行分类。GM尿BPA浓度在男性中为2.78 ng/mL，在女性中为2.44 ng/mL。BPA在男性（ICC = 0.18; 95% CI：0.11，0.26）和女性（ICC = 0.11; 95% CI：0.08，0.16）中具有高度变异性。基于我们更严格的替代类别分析，为了使女性中灵敏度、特异性和阳性预测值（PPV）的比例≥ 0.80，分别需要6份和10份高三分位数和低三分位数的重复样本。对于中三分位数，10个重复样本的特异性达到0.87，但即使是11个样本，灵敏度和PPV也不超过0.36。在雄性动物中，5份重复样本产生了高和低三分位数的灵敏度和PPV值≥ 0.75，但与雌性动物相似，中三分位数的分类不太准确。需要重复的尿液样本来表征典型的BPA暴露。考克斯KJ，Porucznik CA，安德森DJ，Brozek EM，Szczotka KM，贝利NM，威尔金斯DG，斯坦福大学JB. 2016.犹他州夫妇尿双酚A浓度的暴露分类和时间变异性-HOPE研究环境健康展望124：498-506; http：dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509752
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor and potential reproductive toxicant, but results of epidemiologic studies have been mixed and have been criticized for inadequate exposure assessment that often relies on a single measurement. Our goal was to describe the distribution of BPA concentrations in serial urinary specimens, assess temporal variability, and provide estimates of exposure classification when randomly selected samples are used to predict average exposure. We collected and analyzed 2,614 urine specimens from 83 Utah couples beginning in 2012. Female participants collected daily first-morning urine specimens during one to two menstrual cycles and male partners collected specimens during the woman’s fertile window for each cycle. We measured urinary BPA concentrations and calculated geometric means (GM) for each cycle, characterized the distribution of observed values and temporal variability using intraclass correlation coefficients, and performed surrogate category analyses to determine how well repeat samples could classify exposure. The GM urine BPA concentration was 2.78 ng/mL among males and 2.44 ng/mL among females. BPA had a high degree of variability among both males (ICC = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.26) and females (ICC = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.16). Based on our more stringent surrogate category analysis, to reach proportions ≥ 0.80 for sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) among females, 6 and 10 repeat samples for the high and low tertiles, respectively, were required. For the medium tertile, specificity reached 0.87 with 10 repeat samples, but even with 11 samples, sensitivity and PPV did not exceed 0.36. Five repeat samples, among males, yielded sensitivity and PPV values ≥ 0.75 for the high and low tertiles, but, similar to females, classification for the medium tertile was less accurate. Repeated urinary specimens are required to characterize typical BPA exposure. Cox KJ, Porucznik CA, Anderson DJ, Brozek EM, Szczotka KM, Bailey NM, Wilkins DG, Stanford JB. 2016. Exposure classification and temporal variability in urinary bisphenol A concentrations among couples in Utah—the HOPE study. Environ Health Perspect 124:498–506; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509752