High impulsivity predicting vulnerability to cocaine addiction in rats: some relationship with novelty preference but not novelty reactivity, anxiety or stress
High impulsivity predicting vulnerability to cocaine addiction in rats: some relationship with novelty preference but not novelty reactivity, anxiety or stress
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-011-2167-x
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Dalley, Jeffrey W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Molander, Anna C.;Mar, Adam;Dalley, Jeffrey W.
冲动是药物成瘾的一个脆弱性标志，其中其他行为特征，如焦虑和新奇寻求（“感觉寻求”）也广泛存在。然而，冲动，本研究采用5-CSRTT（5-choice serial reaction time task）任务筛选大鼠自发高冲动（SHI）和低冲动（SLI）行为，探讨了新奇寻求和焦虑对大鼠行为冲动表达的影响。随后测试新奇反应性和偏好，通过开阔场地运动活动（OF）、新奇位置偏好（NPP）和新奇物体识别（OR）进行评估。在服用抗焦虑药物地西泮之前和之后，在高架十字迷宫（ESTA）上评估焦虑，并在强迫新奇暴露之后通过血液皮质酮水平评估焦虑。最后，地西泮对冲动性和视觉注意力的影响进行了评估SHI和SLI大鼠。SHI大鼠明显更快地进入一个开放的手臂上，在OR和NPP测试中表现出对新奇事物的偏好，不像SLI大鼠。然而，冲动性与寻求新奇的行为、焦虑水平、OF活动或新奇引起的血液皮质酮水平变化之间没有维度关系。相比之下，（0.3-3 mg/kg），虽然没有显著增加或减少SHI和SLI大鼠的冲动性，但确实减少了这两组动物之间的冲动性对比。这项调查表明，在5-CSRTT上大鼠的行为冲动性（预测可卡因成瘾的脆弱性）不同于焦虑、新奇反应和新奇诱导的应激反应，因此与药物成瘾的病因学有关。
Impulsivity is a vulnerability marker for drug addiction in which other behavioural traits such as anxiety and novelty seeking ('sensation seeking') are also widely present. However, inter-relationships between impulsivity, novelty seeking and anxiety traits are poorly understood.The objective of this paper was to investigate the contribution of novelty seeking and anxiety traits to the expression of behavioural impulsivity in rats.Rats were screened on the five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) for spontaneously high impulsivity (SHI) and low impulsivity (SLI) and subsequently tested for novelty reactivity and preference, assessed by open-field locomotor activity (OF), novelty place preference (NPP), and novel object recognition (OR). Anxiety was assessed on the elevated plus maze (EPM) both prior to and following the administration of the anxiolytic drug diazepam, and by blood corticosterone levels following forced novelty exposure. Finally, the effects of diazepam on impulsivity and visual attention were assessed in SHI and SLI rats.SHI rats were significantly faster to enter an open arm on the EPM and exhibited preference for novelty in the OR and NPP tests, unlike SLI rats. However, there was no dimensional relationship between impulsivity and either novelty-seeking behaviour, anxiety levels, OF activity or novelty-induced changes in blood corticosterone levels. By contrast, diazepam (0.3-3 mg/kg), whilst not significantly increasing or decreasing impulsivity in SHI and SLI rats, did reduce the contrast in impulsivity between these two groups of animals.This investigation indicates that behavioural impulsivity in rats on the 5-CSRTT, which predicts vulnerability for cocaine addiction, is distinct from anxiety, novelty reactivity and novelty-induced stress responses, and thus has relevance for the aetiology of drug addiction.