Genetic diversity of the Yonaguni horse based on polymorphisms in microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA.
Genetic diversity of the Yonaguni horse based on polymorphisms in microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA.
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DOI：
10.1292/jvms.16-0040
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发表时间：
2017-02-28
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Takasu M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Senju N;Tozaki T;Kakoi H;Shinjo A;Matsuyama R;Almunia J;Takasu M
分析了32个微卫星和1个线粒体DNA单倍型，以建立家系登记系统，了解其遗传多样性，为制定有效的保护措施提供依据。从现存的130匹马中采集了78匹马的血液样本，提取了DNA并进行了基因分型。有两个主要发现。其中之一是，未来有可能使用微卫星进行与那古马的系谱登记，因为排除亲子鉴定的能力在0.999998是可靠的。二是对与那国马目前的遗传多样性进行澄清。被分析马的平均等位基因数、观察杂合度、期望杂合度和固定指数分别为4.4、0.591、0.601和0.016。在逐步突变模型的假设下，出现遗传瓶颈的概率为0.432，这表明这些马的遗传结构没有受到最近的瓶颈影响。个体之间的遗传距离通过基于共享等位基因比例的系统发育树来可视化。基于贝叶斯聚类的结构分析揭示了与那古尼马由四到五个亚群组成的可能性。因此，尽管在线粒体分析中只发现了两种单倍型，但与其他濒临灭绝的品种相比，与其他品种相比，与之相比，与其他品种相比，与之相比，与其他品种相比，与之相比，与其他品种相比，与之相比，与其他品种相比，与之相比的遗传多样性并不是特别低。
Thirty-two microsatellites and a mitochondrial DNA haplotypes of endangered Yonaguni horses were analyzed to establish a pedigree registration system and to understand their genetic diversity for planning effective conservation. Blood samples were collected from 78 of the 130 horses in existence, and DNA was extracted and genotyped. There were two major findings. One is that it is possible to use microsatellites for Yonaguni horse pedigree registration in the future because the power of exclusion of parentage testing is reliable at 0.999998. The second is the clarification of the current genetic diversity of Yonaguni horses. The average number of alleles, observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity and fixation index were 4.4, 0.591, 0.601 and 0.016, respectively, for the analyzed horses. The probability of a genetic bottleneck, under the assumptions of the stepwise mutation model, was 0.432, suggesting that the genetic structure of the horses was not influenced by a recent bottleneck. Genetic distance between individuals was visualized by a phylogenetic tree based on the proportion of shared alleles. Structure analysis based on Bayesian clustering revealed the possibility that Yonaguni horses comprise four or five subpopulations. Consequently, although only two haplotypes were identified in the mitochondrial analysis, genetic diversity of Yonaguni horses was not particularly low in comparison with that of other breeds that are at risk of extinction.