Unveiling a Ghost of Amazonian Rain Forests: Camponotus mirabilis, Engineer of Guadua Bamboo 1
Unveiling a Ghost of Amazonian Rain Forests: Camponotus mirabilis, Engineer of Guadua Bamboo 1
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揭开亚马逊雨林的神秘面纱：奇异弓背蚁，Guadua Bamboo 1 的工程师
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Mann
中科院分区：
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作者：
D. Davidson;S. Castro;J. A. Arias;J. Mann
Camponotus mirabilis（膜翅目：蚁科）是亚马逊河流域西部Guadua竹的高度专业化居民。工人在建立的殖民地打开和入侵年轻，unliganderstamms，和成熟的多室的殖民地占据几个到多个相邻的茎。多层的纸箱架支撑着秆内的幼虫，幼虫由球虫的蜜露滋养。构建了一个茎孔和吸液芯系统，C。紫茉莉改变了被占据的茎，使被动水排出。夜间觅食的工蚁收集猎物和木纤维（灯芯的组成部分）。白天，它们从搅动的茎中积极地沸腾，并受到寄生蚤蝇（双翅目：蚤蝇科）的攻击。秆住房C。紫茉莉的茎比空茎更粗壮、更直立，但卷尾猴（Cebus apella）会定期打开紫茉莉的茎，寻找幼仔，或许寻找生殖等级。由于猴子的破坏，脆弱的瓜杜瓦茎经常倒塌，并被蚂蚁遗弃。分解的育雏架离开营养丰富的纸箱悬浮在水中的基部节间，但同位素分析未能表明，占用秆利用氮从纸箱或碳呼吸的蚂蚁或分解碎片。较低的叶面氮浓度比控制茎表明，球虫和蚂蚁寄生宿主资源。先前对竹蚁的实验调查可能遗漏了C。这是因为雌性在另一个竹子专家占据的秆中发现了新的殖民地，并且建立的殖民地只侵入幼竹生长。
Camponotus mirabilis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a highly specialized resident of live Guadua bamboo in western Amazonia. Workers in established colonies open and invade young, unlignified culms, and mature polydomous colonies occupy several‐to‐many adjacent stems. Multistoried carton shelves support brood inside culms, and larvae are nourished by honeydew of coccids (Cryptostigma guadua). Constructing a system of stem holes and wicks, C. mirabilis modifies occupied stems in ways that produce passive water evacuation. Nocturnally foraging workers gather both prey and wood fiber, a component of wicks. Diurnally, they boil aggressively from agitated stems, and are attacked by parasitic phorid flies (Diptera: Phoridae). Culms housing C. mirabilis are stouter and more erect than are unoccupied stems but are opened regularly by capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) searching for brood and perhaps reproductive castes. Damaged by monkeys, weak‐walled Guadua stems frequently collapse and are abandoned by ants. Breakdown of brood shelves leaves nutrient‐rich carton suspended in water within basal internodes, but isotopic analyses fail to show that occupied culms utilize either nitrogen from carton or carbon respired by ants or decomposing debris. Lower foliar nitrogen concentration in occupied than in control stems suggests that coccids and ants parasitize host resources. A prior experimental survey of bamboo ants may have missed C. mirabilis because females found new colonies in culms occupied by another bamboo specialist, and established colonies invade only young bamboo growth.