Sandbraking. A technique for landing large payloads on Mars using the sands of Phobos
Sandbraking. A technique for landing large payloads on Mars using the sands of Phobos
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ast.2018.11.041
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发表时间：
2019-02
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
F. Arias;S. Heras
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Arias;S. Heras
概述了一种利用火卫一沙子在火星上着陆大有效载荷的新型制动技术的基础。在这里，考虑利用火卫一或迪莫斯风化岩层作为空中掩体材料，在下降过程中，在航天器前方的一定距离内排出沙子。虽然在清除了飞船前方的沙子后，它们立即与航天器的相对速度为零，但由于作用在微小沙粒上的更强的大气阻力，它们会迅速减速。因此，沙粒将以接近航天器本身的最终速度的速度撞击到航天器的正面。通过使用推进器-圆盘-或类似的减震系统，在航天器前面，沙子碰撞产生的动量交换将导致作用在航天器上的制动力。由于将物质从火卫一或土卫二表面提升到其转移轨道所需的Delta-v预算非常小，那么从地球带来的少量专用火箭化学推进剂可能会转化为从火卫一表面提升到其转移轨道的大量沙子。沙刹车产生的大推力使这项技术有利于与重力作斗争的行星着陆。
The basis of a novel braking technique by using the Phobos sands for landing large payloads on Mars is outlined. Here consideration is given to the utilization of the Phobos or Deimos regolith as material for aerobraking by discharging a load of sand at certain distance in front of the spacecraft during the descent manoeuver. Although immediately after getting rid the load of sand in front of the spacecraft they have a null relative velocity with the spacecraft, however, because the stronger atmospheric drag acting on the tiny particles of sand they will be promptly decelerated. As a result, the particles of sand will impact onto the front of the spacecraft with a velocity close to the terminal velocity of the spacecraft itself. By using a pusher-disc – or akin damping system, in front of the spacecraft the momentum exchange from the sand collisions will result in a braking force acting on the spacecraft. Due to the very small delta-v budget required to lift material from the surface of Phobos or Deimos to their transfer orbits, then a small amount of dedicated rocket chemical propellant brought from Earth could be transformed into a huge amount of sand lifted from the surface of Phobos of Deimos to their transfer orbits. The large thrust generated by the Sandbraking makes this technique propitious for landing of planetary bodies struggling against gravity.